Sci-110 Notecards
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| barometer | instrument that measures atmospheric pressure
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| standard atmospheric pressure | average measurement of atmospheric pressure, also called normal pressure, and one atmosphere of pressure
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| greenhouse effect | the process of heating the atmosphere in the lower parts by the absorption of solar radiation and re-emission of infrared radiation.
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| inversion | layer where the temperature increases in height
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| wind | horizontal movement of air
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| jet stream | powerful belt of wind near the top of the troposhere
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| saturated air | equilibrium condition between evaporation and condensation
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| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air
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| absolute humidity | measurement of the amount of water vapor in the air at a particular time
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| relative humidity | the relationship between the actual absolute humidity and the maximum humidity at a certain temperature
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| dew point temperature | the temperature at which condensation begins
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| dew | if above 32 degrees F the water vapor that is liquidized
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| frost | if temperature is below 0 degrees C the water vapor is a solid
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| condensation nuclei | tiny particles in the air that are from condensation of water vapor
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| precipitation | water that returns to the surface of Earth, in either the liquid or solid form
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| ice-forming nuclei | the liquid droplets between -40 degrees C and 0 degrees C solid particles
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| air mass | large more or less uniform body of air with nearly the same temperature and moisture conditions
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| front | the boundary between air masses of different temperatures
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| cold front | when cold air mass moves into warmer air displacing it
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| warm front | warm air mass advances over a mass of cooler air
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| stationary front | stream of cold air moves along the north side of the front, and a stream of warm air moves along the south side in an opposite direction
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| occluded front | lifted completely off the ground into the atmosphere
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| storm | other fronts accompanied by a rapid and violent weather change
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| thunderstorm | brief but intense storm, with rain, lightning and thunder, and gusty and often strong winds, and sometimes hail
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| hail | a frozen form of precipitation that can be very destructive
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| tornado | smallest, most violent weather disturbance, long narrow funnel or ropelike structure that drops from a thunder cloud and may or may not touch the ground
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| hurricane | very intense low pressure area with winds greater than 75 mi/h or less, over the atlantic or pacific ocean east of the international dateline
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| typhoon | very intense low-pressure area of wind greater than 75 mi/h that occurs over the north pacific ocean west of the international dateline
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| climate | general pattern of the weather that occurs for a region over a number of years
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| climate change | departure from the expected average pattern of climate for a region over time
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| proxy data | a natural source used to infer temperature change, rainfall, or some other past climate condition
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| wind chill factor | time depended on the air temperature and the wind speed calculation
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