AP MOD. II-Muscular
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| skeletal muscle | striated or voluntary muscle
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| cardiac muscle | heart muscle
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| smooth muscle | nonstriated, involuntary muscle
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| origin | part of muscle that attaches to the bone-fixed
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| insertion | part of muscle that attaches to the bone that moves
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| body | main part of muscle
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| prime mover | muscle whose contraction is mainly responsible for producing a given movement
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| synergist | muscle whose contractions help the prime mover
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| antagonist | muscle whose actions oppose the action of the prime mover
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| tonic contractions | produce no movement of body parts, maitain posture
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| fatigue | reduced strength of muscle contraction
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| oxygen debt | metabolic effort required to burn excess lactic acid accumulated during prolonged exercise
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| atrophy | decrease in muscle size due to disuse
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| hypertrophy | increase in muscle size due to regular exercise
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| isotonic contractions | produces movement at a joint, muscle changes length
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| isometric contractions | do not produce movement, muscle does not shorten
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| twitch contractions | quick, jerky responses
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| tetonic contractions | sustained and steady contractions
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| flexion | decreases angle between two bones and joint, bending
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| extension | increases angle between two bones and joint, straightening
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| abduction | movement of part away from midline of body
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| adduction | movement of part toward midline of body
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| myopathies | muscle disorders
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| cramps | painful muscle spasms
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| Poliomyelitis | viral infection
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| Duchenne muscular dystrophy | genetic disorder characterized by rapid progression of weakness and atrophy
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| Myasthenia gravis | autoimmune muscle disease characterized by weakness and chronic fatigue
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