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AP MOD. II-Muscular

TermDefinition
skeletal muscle striated or voluntary muscle
cardiac muscle heart muscle
smooth muscle nonstriated, involuntary muscle
origin part of muscle that attaches to the bone-fixed
insertion part of muscle that attaches to the bone that moves
body main part of muscle
prime mover muscle whose contraction is mainly responsible for producing a given movement
synergist muscle whose contractions help the prime mover
antagonist muscle whose actions oppose the action of the prime mover
tonic contractions produce no movement of body parts, maitain posture
fatigue reduced strength of muscle contraction
oxygen debt metabolic effort required to burn excess lactic acid accumulated during prolonged exercise
atrophy decrease in muscle size due to disuse
hypertrophy increase in muscle size due to regular exercise
isotonic contractions produces movement at a joint, muscle changes length
isometric contractions do not produce movement, muscle does not shorten
twitch contractions quick, jerky responses
tetonic contractions sustained and steady contractions
flexion decreases angle between two bones and joint, bending
extension increases angle between two bones and joint, straightening
abduction movement of part away from midline of body
adduction movement of part toward midline of body
myopathies muscle disorders
cramps painful muscle spasms
Poliomyelitis viral infection
Duchenne muscular dystrophy genetic disorder characterized by rapid progression of weakness and atrophy
Myasthenia gravis autoimmune muscle disease characterized by weakness and chronic fatigue
Created by: ddoyon
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