KS3 respiration
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What is the brown substance that collects in your lungs and that can cause lung cancer? | show 🗑
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| What is the poisonous substance that prevents the blood from carrying the oxygen? | show 🗑
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| show | NICOTINE
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| show | FALSE (Nicotine makes your heart beat faster)
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| show | MUCUS
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| How is the mucus carried from the lungs to your throat and nose? | show 🗑
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| What is the Scientific Name of the windpipe? | show 🗑
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| Why is the trachea made of hard cartilage? | show 🗑
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| show | ALVEOLI
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| Why is it important to have many alveoli rather than 2 big balloons? | show 🗑
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| show | BRONCHIOLE
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| show | the bronchioles get narrower so less air flows in and out (say “narrower” rather than “smaller”!)
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| show | BRONCHUS
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| show | DIAPHRAGM
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| When we breathe in, describe what happens to the rib-cage. | show 🗑
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| show | OXYGEN
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| show | SUGARS(CARBOHYDRATES)
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| What are the names of the 2 (waste) gases produced when our cells respire? | show 🗑
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| show | breathing is the exchange of gas: it happens IN THE LUNGS; respiration is the production of energy through the oxidation ("burning") of sugar: it happens IN THE CELLS
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| show | less than 1%
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| show | about 4%: that is MORE CO2 in the air we breathe out than we breathe in because we produce CO2 IN THE CELLS through repiration
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| What is the name of a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart? | show 🗑
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| What is the name of a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart? | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the blood vessels which are only one cell thick? | show 🗑
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| Give one difference between an artery and a vein. | show 🗑
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| show | to prevent blood from flowing back
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| show | LESS BLOOD, LESS OXYGEN, MUSCLE DOES NOT WORK, HEART FAILURE
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| show | ATRIUM
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| show | VENTRICLE
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| show | Eat too much FAT, SMOKING, DRINKING or too little EXERCISE
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| What is the name of the pale yellow liquid in the blood? | show 🗑
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| What substance are carried in the plasma? | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the blood cells that carry the oxygen? | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the blood cells that takes care of viruses and bacteria? | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the chemical inside the red blood cell that will carry the oxygen? | show 🗑
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| How is a red blood cell adapted to its job? | show 🗑
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| show | SUGARS
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| What do the kidneys do? | show 🗑
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| Where respiration takes place | show 🗑
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| show | Lungs
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| Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart | show 🗑
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| Which type of blood vessel connects artery to vein | show 🗑
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| show | vein (VeIN=INto the heart)
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| show | capillary
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| Which type of blood vessel carries blood at high pressure | show 🗑
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| show | artery
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| show | capillary
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| Which type of blood vessel has thin walls and contains valves | show 🗑
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| show | veins
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| Which type of blood vessel carries blood at low pressure | show 🗑
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| Which type of blood vessel has thick elastic and muscular walls | show 🗑
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| Which type of blood vessel has thin walls so that substances can be exchanged between blood and cells | show 🗑
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| show | CO2 is produced by cells during respiration; CO2 diffuses from cells into blood and CO2 will dissolves in the plasma
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| show | the RBC pick up Oxygen
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| show | Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries/blood stream: the oxygen travels FROM an area of HIGH concentration (lungs) TO an area of LOW concentration (capillaries); Oxygen will then attach to the Red Blood Cell
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| How does blood flow through arteries? | show 🗑
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| How does blood flow through veins? | show 🗑
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| show | capillary
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| show | to prevent the blood from flowing backwards
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| What is the equation for respiration? | show 🗑
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| What is the test for Carbon Dioxide? | show 🗑
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| show | Sugar and Oxygen
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| What is the difference between breathing and respiration? | show 🗑
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| Which part of the blood helps you fight diseases? | show 🗑
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| show | Platelet
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| show | Plasma
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| show | Red Blood cell
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| Name at least two other things (other than Carbon Dioxide) that are dissolved in the plasma | show 🗑
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| show | so that the RBC can pass through the tiny capillary
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| show | Valve
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| show | Thick walls
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| Explain how the oxygen goes from the capillary into a cell | show 🗑
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| show | Atria
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| show | because the left ventricle needs to push the blood all the way around teh body, whereas the right verntricle pushes the blood to the lungs only
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| show | Trachea > Bronchi>Bronchioles > Alveoli
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| What passes from the alveoli (lungs) into a capillary? | show 🗑
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| How does the oxygen pass from the alveoli into capillaries? | show 🗑
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| Why is the trachea so hard? | show 🗑
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| show | to create a LARGE surface area to get MORE oxygen in;
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| Explain why heart rate and breathing rate increase when you exercise | show 🗑
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| show | carbon dioxide
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| show | C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
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| show | When a period of exercise is over, lactic acid must be removed. This requires oxygen. The amount of oxygen required to remove the lactic acid, and replace the body's reserves of oxygen, is called the oxygen debt.
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| What is the lumen in a blood vessel? | show 🗑
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| show | smoking / nicotine; alcohol lack of exercise / sedentary lifestyle; salt; stress; age; obesity; genes / genetics / family history
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| show | it increases the diameter of the bronchioles; to let more air flow into the alveoli
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| CHALLENGE: A teacher could demonstrate breathing in using a bell-jar model and pulling the rubber sheet down. Explain why the balloons inflate during this demonstration. | show 🗑
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| show | As the bronchioles are smaller, there is less oxygen getting to the alveoli/to the cells, so there will be less respiration in the cells so there will be less energy released
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| CHALLENGE Describe the movement of the diaphragm and of the intercostal muscles when a person breathes in | show 🗑
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| State two ways in which the structure of an artery differs from the structure of a vein | show 🗑
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| show | Baby is smaller so has a larger surface area to volume ratio so will lose heat more rapidly; in order to maintain body temperature, it needs to produce more energy so more respiration needs to take place so it needs more oxygen to the cells
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| What is the name of the blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart? | show 🗑
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| show | A blood vessel that that brings blood INto (IN) the heart is aveIN (IN), so it is the pulmonary vein
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| What is the name of the blood vessel that sends oxygenated blood from the heart to the body? | show 🗑
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| What is the name of the blood vessel that sends deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs? | show 🗑
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| In the heart of a foetus, the two upper chambers (atria) are linked by a hole so that blood can pass between them. Sometimes the hole does not close. Explain what effect this will have on the baby. | show 🗑
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| Describe the function of the semi-lunar valves found in the heart | show 🗑
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| Which blood vessel has a larger lumen (a hollow passageway through which blood flow)? Explain why | show 🗑
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| show | Trachea= tube going in the jar; lungs=balloons; diaphragm= rubber sheet; rib cage=walls of the jar (note that this part of the model does not represent well the respiratory system as the rib cage moves but not the jar)
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