Life Span Development Exam 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| What does the scientific study of human development seek to understand? | show 🗑
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| Developmental Science is __________meaning that it is based on data, experiences, demonstrations, and facts. | show 🗑
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| show | 1) Begin w/ curiosity
2) Develop a hypothesis
3) Test the Hypothesis
4) Draw conclusions
5) Report the results
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| show | Hypothesis
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| show | replicate
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| The question of how much of any characteristic is the result of genes and how much is the result of experience is the______-- ____ debate. In this debate, ___refers to environmental influences and ____refers to the influences of genes that people inherit. | show 🗑
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| show | affect
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| show | Critical period; sensitive period; language
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| What are two variables that interact to affect the likelihood that a child will commit a violent crime? | show 🗑
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| The value of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding human development can be seen in research on the origins of___in young people. | show 🗑
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| show | Aggressive; MAOA; law
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| show | change; remain the same
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| The approach that stresses fluctuation and transitions in development is the _____-_____ theory. The word _____ captures the idea that _____________________________________________________________. | show 🗑
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| show | hypothesis
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| Professors Stefik warns her students to be skeptical of the results of a controversial study because it has not been replicated. By this she means what? | show 🗑
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| The five developmental characteristics embodied within the life-span perspectives are that development is_________. | show 🗑
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| An important insight emerging from the fact that development is multidirectional is that human development does not always follow a straight, ___ growth pattern. | show 🗑
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| One way to express this variability is to note that some characteristics are stable overtime, called _____, and other characteristics are not stable overtime, called_______. | show 🗑
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| show | how and why people change or remain the same
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| The research method that involves the use of open-ended questions and obtain answers that are not easily translated into categories is________. | show 🗑
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| Nature is to nurture as______. | show 🗑
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| show | human development is always changing and that change in one area affects all the others
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| show | overall environment of development
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| show | 1) The sources of continuity from the beginning of life to the end.
2) the sources of discontinuity throughout life
3) the "nonlinear" character of human development
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| Brain cells that respond to actions performed by another person are called____. | show 🗑
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| A hypothesis is a __________. | show 🗑
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| A developmentalist who is interested in studying the influences of a person's immediate environment on his or hear behavior is focusing on which system? | show 🗑
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| show | income, education, and occupation
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| show | is based on observation, experience, or experiment
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| In an experiment that tests the effects of group size on individual effort in a tug-of-war task, the number of people in each group is the______ | show 🗑
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| Which research method would be most appropriate for investigating the relationship between parents' religious beliefs and their attitudes toward middle school sex education? | show 🗑
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| show | an experiment
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| show | scientific observation
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| T/F: scientists rarely repeat an experiment | show 🗑
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| show | F; the study of david shows that both nature and nurture are necessary in affecting outcome
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| T/F: Observation usually indicates a clear relationship between cause and effect | show 🗑
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| T/F: each social context influences development independently | show 🗑
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| T/F: every trait of an individual can be molded into different forms and shapes | show 🗑
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| T/F: Because of limitations qualitative research is rarely used in developmental research | show 🗑
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| T/F: Cohort differences are an example of the impact of the social context on development | show 🗑
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| show | F; the reverse is true
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| T/F: People of different ethnic groups can all share one culture | show 🗑
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| show | T
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| show | F; These terms apply to all animals including humans
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| An individuals personal sphere of development refers to his or her______ | show 🗑
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| show | biological, cognitive, social
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| The most important principal of the developmental research code of ethics is | show 🗑
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| show | Continuity in development
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| According to the ecological-systems approach the macrosystem would include | show 🗑
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| an idea that is built more on shared perceptions than on objective reality is | show 🗑
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| In an experiment, the treatment of interest is given to the_____group; the no-treatment group is the_____group. | show 🗑
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| A cohort is defined as a group of people.... | show 🗑
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| show | experimental
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| in differentiating ethnicity and culture, we note that.... | show 🗑
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| if developmentalists discovered that poor people are happier than wealthy people, this would indicate that wealth and happiness are | show 🗑
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| show | human characteristics can be molded into different forms and shapes
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| show | dependent variable
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| research on mirror neurons has revealed that | show 🗑
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| which of the following statements concerning ethnicity and culture is NOT true? A. ethnicity is determined genetically B. Race is a social construct C. Racial identity is an element of ethnicity D.Ethnic identity provides people w/shared values/belief | show 🗑
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| show | seeks to understand how and why all people change or remain the same over time
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| show | means that it is based on observation and experimentation
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| replication- | show 🗑
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| Nature | show 🗑
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| show | refers to all of the environmental influences that affect development
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| critical period | show 🗑
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| sensitive period | show 🗑
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| Dynamic-system theory | show 🗑
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| life-span perspective | show 🗑
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| cohort | show 🗑
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| socioeconomic status (SES) | show 🗑
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| ethnic group | show 🗑
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| show | people who are regarded by themselves or others on the basis of their appearance
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| show | neurons that respond to the observed actions of others the same as if the observer had done the action themselves
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| show | a method of testing a hypothesis by observing a subjects behaviors, and recording data
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| experiment | show 🗑
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| independent variable | show 🗑
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| show | the variable that may or may not change as a result of what happened to it by the independent variable
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| show | a method by which info is collected through a questionnaire given to a large group of people
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| show | a group of people who differ in age but share other important traits, and are compared w/ regard to the other variables under investigation
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| longitudinal research | show 🗑
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| show | follows a group of individuals that vary in age over a long period of time to combine the strengths of of the cross-sectional and longitudinal research
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| correlation | show 🗑
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| quantitative research | show 🗑
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| show | collects non-numerical descriptions of participants i.e. characteristics, behaviors
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| show | a set of moral principals that developmental psychologist work from
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| institutional review board (IRB) | show 🗑
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| Developmental Theory | show 🗑
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| Psychoanalytic theory | show 🗑
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| Behaviorism | show 🗑
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| Conditioning | show 🗑
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| show | Neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful one, so both responded to same way. Also called respondent conditioning.
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| Operate conditioning | show 🗑
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| reinforcement | show 🗑
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| show | is an extension of behaviorism, and emphasizes that people often learn new behaviors through observations and imitation of other people
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| show | refers to the process by which we observe other people's behavior and then copy it
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| show | is part of the social learning theory and is the belief that one is effective i.e. "I think I can so I can"
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| show | a grand theory that emphasizes that the way people think and understand the world shapes their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
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| show | in Piaget's theory, this is a state of mental glance, in which a person's thoughts about the world seem not to clash with each other or with his or her experiences
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| assimilation | show 🗑
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| accommodation | show 🗑
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| information processing | show 🗑
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| show | seeks to explain development as the result of a dynamic interaction between developing persons and the surrounding social and cultural forces
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| apprenticeship in thinking | show 🗑
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| show | in sociocultural theory, this is the idea that developmental growth occurs when the child adapts a mentor in order to learn new skills, knowledge, and concepts that the child is close to learning but cannot master w/out help
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| Humanism | show 🗑
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| selective adaptation | show 🗑
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| eclectic perspective | show 🗑
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| sensorimotor intelligence | show 🗑
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| show | in Piaget's theory these are a type of feedback loop in sensorimotor intelligence involving the infant's own body, in which infants take in experiences (such as sucking and grasping) and try to make sense of them
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| secondary circular reaction | show 🗑
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| show | is the understanding that objects (including people) continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, touched, or heard i.e. peek a boo
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| tertiary circular reactions | show 🗑
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| show | is Piaget's term for the stage five toddler (12 to 18 months) who learn about the perspectives of objects in his or her own world through active experimentation
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| show | is the ability of infants to perceive and later copy a behavior they noticed hours or days earlier
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| show | is the process of getting use to an object or event through repeated exposure to it
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| show | (functional magnetic resonance imaging) a measuring technique in which the brains electrical excitement indicates activation anywhere in the brain
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| show | is a theory that human cognition that compares thinking to the ways in which a computer analyzes data through the process of sensory input, connections, stored memories and out put
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| affordance | show 🗑
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| show | is an experimental apparatus that provides the illusion of a sudden drop off between one horizontal surface and another.
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| Dynamic perception | show 🗑
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| show | a universal principle of infant perception, is the innate attraction that human babies have to other humans
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| show | is any perceptual experience that helps people recollect an idea, a thing, or an experience
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| show | is unconscious or automatic memory that is usually stored via habits, emotional responses, routine procedures, and various sensations
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| show | is memory that is easy to retrieve on demand, usually with words
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| child-directed speech | show 🗑
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| show | which begins between 6 and 9 months of age, is characterized by the extended repetition of certain syllables (such as "ma-ma")
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| holophrase | show 🗑
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| show | refers to the dramatic increase in the infant's vocabulary that begins at about 18 months of age
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| show | the grammar of a language includes rules of word order, verb forms, and all other methods used to communicate meaning, apart from the words themselves
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| Language acquisition device (LAD) | show 🗑
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Created by:
kody.jackson