Chapter 5
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| What is the tip of the heart called? | Apex
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| What controls the direction of blood flow in the heart? | valves
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| What are the lower chambers called? | ventricles
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| What vessels carry blood to the heart? | veins
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| Is systole the contraction phase or relaxation phase? | Contraction phase
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| What does auscultate mean? | To listen
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| What apparatus is used to auscultate heart sounds? | Stethoscope
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| What is the term used when there is the sudden drop in BP when a person stands up? | Orthostatic hypotension
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| A flexible tube inserted into the body for the purpose of moving fluids into or out of the body. | catheter
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| An area of tissue within an organ or part that undergoes necrosis following the loss of its blood supply. | infarct
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| The localized and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to an obstruction to the circulation | ischemia
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| Irregularity in the heart beat or action. | arrythmia
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| Complete stopping of heart activity. | Cardiac arrest
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| Pathological condition of the heart in which there is a reduced outflow of blood from the left side of the heart because the left ventricle myocardium has become too weak to efficiently pump blood. Results in weakness, breathlessness, and edema. | Congestive heart failure
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| Insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle due to an obstruction of one or more coronary arteries. | Coronary heart disease
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| Condition caused by the partial or complete occlusion or closing of one or more of the coronary arteries. | MI (Myocardial Infarction)
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| Weakness in the wall of an artery resulting in localized widening of the artery. | Aneurysm
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| Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries. Most often due to artherosclerosis. | Arteriosclerosis
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| The most common form of arteriosclerosis. Caused by the formation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol on the inner walls of arteries. | atherosclerosis
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| The obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction. | Embolus
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| Inflammation of a vein resulting in the formation of blood clots within the vein. | Thrombophlebitis
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| A blood clot within a blood vessel. | Thrombus
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| What are functions of the CV system? | Distribute blood to body, Deliver needed substances, Remove waste
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| What are the four organs of the CV system? | Heart, arteries, Capillaries, Veins
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| angi/0 | vessel
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| ather/o | fatty substance
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| coron/o | heart
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| hemangio/o | blood vessel
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| phlebo/o | vein
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| thrombo/o | clot
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| -ole | small
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| -ule | small
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| Pulmonary circulation | Circulation between the lungs
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| Systemic circulation | Circulation between the heart and cells of the body
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| What is the average beats per minute? | 50-100
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| About how big is the heart? | the size of a fist
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| What is the name for the 2 upper chambers? | Atria
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| What is the name for the 2 lower chambers? | Ventricles
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| What divides the heart into left and right sides? | Septum
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| What are the names of the veins that carry blood to the right atria? | Superior and inferior vena cava
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| What are the names of the veins that carry blood to the left atria? | Pulmonary veins
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| What is the name of the artery that leaves the left ventricle? | Aorta
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| What is the name of the artery that leaves the right ventricle? | Pulmonary artery
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| Valve between the right atria and the right ventricle | Tricuspid valve
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| Valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery | Pulmonary valve
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| Valve between the left atria and the left ventricle | Mitral (bicuspid) valve
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| Valve between the left ventricle and the aorta. | Aortic valve
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| What is another word for the SA node? | Pacemaker
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| What stimulates the different chambers to contract in the correct order? | Electrical impulses
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| What are the 3 types of blood vessels? | Arteries, Capillaries, Veins
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| A channel within the blood vessels is called a: | Lumen
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| What is the largest type of blood vessel in the body? | Artery
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| What is the smallest type of blood vessel in the body? | Capillary
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| What type of vessel takes blood to the heart? | Veins
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| Term for heart muscle | myocardium
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| What vessel carries blood away from the heart? | Arteries
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| What arteries supply the myocardium? | Coronary Arteries
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| What vessels connect the arteries to the capillaries? | Arterioles
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| What vessels connect the capillaries to the veins? | Venules
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| What process takes place in the capillary bed? | Gas exchange
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| What is located within the veins that prevent the pooling of blood and ensures that the blood flows toward the heart? | Valves
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| What are some factors within the body that affect the BP? | Elasticity of arteries, diameter of blood vessels, viscosity of blood, volume of blood, amount of resistance to blood flow.
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| What are some external factors that affect the BP? | Smoking, diet, exercise, hereditary, drugs, alcohol.
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| What is the measurement of the highest pressure? | Systolic
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| What is the measurement of the lowest pressure? | diastolic
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| aort/o | pertaining to the aorta
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| atri/o | pertaining to the atria
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| ventricul/o | pertaining to the ventricle
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| valv/o | pertaining to a valve
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| vascul/o | pertaining to a blood vessel
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