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CV Test review
Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the tip of the heart called? | Apex |
| What controls the direction of blood flow in the heart? | valves |
| What are the lower chambers called? | ventricles |
| What vessels carry blood to the heart? | veins |
| Is systole the contraction phase or relaxation phase? | Contraction phase |
| What does auscultate mean? | To listen |
| What apparatus is used to auscultate heart sounds? | Stethoscope |
| What is the term used when there is the sudden drop in BP when a person stands up? | Orthostatic hypotension |
| A flexible tube inserted into the body for the purpose of moving fluids into or out of the body. | catheter |
| An area of tissue within an organ or part that undergoes necrosis following the loss of its blood supply. | infarct |
| The localized and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to an obstruction to the circulation | ischemia |
| Irregularity in the heart beat or action. | arrythmia |
| Complete stopping of heart activity. | Cardiac arrest |
| Pathological condition of the heart in which there is a reduced outflow of blood from the left side of the heart because the left ventricle myocardium has become too weak to efficiently pump blood. Results in weakness, breathlessness, and edema. | Congestive heart failure |
| Insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle due to an obstruction of one or more coronary arteries. | Coronary heart disease |
| Condition caused by the partial or complete occlusion or closing of one or more of the coronary arteries. | MI (Myocardial Infarction) |
| Weakness in the wall of an artery resulting in localized widening of the artery. | Aneurysm |
| Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries. Most often due to artherosclerosis. | Arteriosclerosis |
| The most common form of arteriosclerosis. Caused by the formation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol on the inner walls of arteries. | atherosclerosis |
| The obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body and traveled to the point of obstruction. | Embolus |
| Inflammation of a vein resulting in the formation of blood clots within the vein. | Thrombophlebitis |
| A blood clot within a blood vessel. | Thrombus |
| What are functions of the CV system? | Distribute blood to body, Deliver needed substances, Remove waste |
| What are the four organs of the CV system? | Heart, arteries, Capillaries, Veins |
| angi/0 | vessel |
| ather/o | fatty substance |
| coron/o | heart |
| hemangio/o | blood vessel |
| phlebo/o | vein |
| thrombo/o | clot |
| -ole | small |
| -ule | small |
| Pulmonary circulation | Circulation between the lungs |
| Systemic circulation | Circulation between the heart and cells of the body |
| What is the average beats per minute? | 50-100 |
| About how big is the heart? | the size of a fist |
| What is the name for the 2 upper chambers? | Atria |
| What is the name for the 2 lower chambers? | Ventricles |
| What divides the heart into left and right sides? | Septum |
| What are the names of the veins that carry blood to the right atria? | Superior and inferior vena cava |
| What are the names of the veins that carry blood to the left atria? | Pulmonary veins |
| What is the name of the artery that leaves the left ventricle? | Aorta |
| What is the name of the artery that leaves the right ventricle? | Pulmonary artery |
| Valve between the right atria and the right ventricle | Tricuspid valve |
| Valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery | Pulmonary valve |
| Valve between the left atria and the left ventricle | Mitral (bicuspid) valve |
| Valve between the left ventricle and the aorta. | Aortic valve |
| What is another word for the SA node? | Pacemaker |
| What stimulates the different chambers to contract in the correct order? | Electrical impulses |
| What are the 3 types of blood vessels? | Arteries, Capillaries, Veins |
| A channel within the blood vessels is called a: | Lumen |
| What is the largest type of blood vessel in the body? | Artery |
| What is the smallest type of blood vessel in the body? | Capillary |
| What type of vessel takes blood to the heart? | Veins |
| Term for heart muscle | myocardium |
| What vessel carries blood away from the heart? | Arteries |
| What arteries supply the myocardium? | Coronary Arteries |
| What vessels connect the arteries to the capillaries? | Arterioles |
| What vessels connect the capillaries to the veins? | Venules |
| What process takes place in the capillary bed? | Gas exchange |
| What is located within the veins that prevent the pooling of blood and ensures that the blood flows toward the heart? | Valves |
| What are some factors within the body that affect the BP? | Elasticity of arteries, diameter of blood vessels, viscosity of blood, volume of blood, amount of resistance to blood flow. |
| What are some external factors that affect the BP? | Smoking, diet, exercise, hereditary, drugs, alcohol. |
| What is the measurement of the highest pressure? | Systolic |
| What is the measurement of the lowest pressure? | diastolic |
| aort/o | pertaining to the aorta |
| atri/o | pertaining to the atria |
| ventricul/o | pertaining to the ventricle |
| valv/o | pertaining to a valve |
| vascul/o | pertaining to a blood vessel |
Created by:
HerndonFON
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