substance related
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| Substance related disorders are composed of what two groups | dependence/abuse and substance-induced disorders (intoxication, withdrawal,delirium,dementia,amnesia,psychosis,mood disorder,anxiety disorder,sexual dysfunction and sleep disorders.
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| Give an example of a CNS stimulant | Amphetamines
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| Give an example of a CNS depressant | Sedatives, tranquilizers
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| a higher prevalence of substance use occurs between the ages of.. | 18 and 24 and more commonly in men than in women.
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| define substance abuse | the maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant imairment or distress.
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| Define abuse | to use wrongfully or in a harmful way. improper treatment or conduct that my result in injury
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| Physical dependence is evidenced by | a cluster of congnitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating individuals use despite of substance abuse problems
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| The development of physical dependence is prompted by the phenomenon of | Tolerance
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| Define Tolerance | The need for increasingly larger or more frequent doses of a substance in order to obtain the desired effects.
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| psychological dependence | overwhelming desire to repeat thhe use of a particular drug to produce pleasure or avoid discomfort
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| Define substance intoxication | the development of a reversible substance specific syndrome caused by recent ingestion.
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| Define Intoxication | a physical and mental state of exhilaration and emotional frenzy or lethargy and stupor
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| Define Withdrawal | the physiological and mental readjustment that accompanies the discontinuation of an addictive substance.
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| True or False: There is an apparent hereditary factor involved in the development of substance abuse | True: especially evident in alcholism
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| The psychodynamic approach to the etiology of substance abuse | focuses on a puitive superego and fixation at the oral stage of psychosexual development
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| There is an high incidence of alcohol dependency within what culture | Native Americans
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| Alcohol is classified as a food because what | It contains calories
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| alcohol exerts what effect on the CNS | depressant. resulting in behavioral and mood changes.
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| legally intoxicated blood levels | 0.08 to 0.10 percent
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| alcoholism is the third | leading cause of preventable death in the U.S
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| prealcoholic phase | use of alcohol to relieve the everyday stress and tention of life. Tolerance develops and the amount required to achieve the desired effect increases steadily
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| Earlyy alcoholic phase | begins with blackouts, brief periods of amnesia that occur during or immediatley following a period of drinking. no longer source of pleasure more a need.
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| the crucial phase | individula has lost control, physiological dependence is clearly evident, binge drinking, anger and aggression
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| Chronic phase | emotional and physical disintegration. profound helplessness and self pity. psychosis. Not drinking results in hallucinations,tremors,convulsions,severe agitation and panic.
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| What effects can alcohol have on the body | general,nonselective,reversile depression of the CNS. slows down or depressing brain activity
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| When alcohol is sipped rather than gulped alcohol absorption is | delayed
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| At low doses alcohol produces | relaxation,loss of inhibitions,lack of concentration,drowsiness,slurred speech, and sleep
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| Deficiencies of thiamine can result in | peripheral neuropathy or nerve damage (common in alcoholics)
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| alcohol has toxic effects that results in | malabsorption of nutrients
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| acute condition of sudden onset of muscle pain,swelling, and weakness | alcoholic myopathy
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| alcoholic myopaty is thought to result from | vitamin B deficiency (thiamin)
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