Cubangbang's 8A Ch. 20 Glaciers Stack #132220
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| Glacier | A large mass of ice flowing under the influence of gravity.
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| Snowfield | A large expanse of snow-covered terrain above the snow line.
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| Snowline | The lower edge of the snow field.
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| Accumulation zone | The area on the glacier above the snowline that accumulates size.
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| Wastage zone | the zone of a glacier that melts away, this is below the snowline. It is also known as the ablation zone.
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| Equilibrium line | An imaginary line on a glacier that separates the accumulation zone from the wastage zone. It is essentially the same line as the snowline.
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| Terminus | The lowest end, or the front of a glacier.
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| Valley glacier | A glacier found in a narrow valley surrounded by mountains.
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| Ice sheet | A thick layer of glacial ice covering an extensive area.
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| Icecap | A thick, widespread, and permanent cover of glacial ice on a flat landmass.
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| Iceberg | A large piece of ice that broke off a glacier.
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| Calving | The process of iceberg formation by the break-up of a glacier.
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| Zone of fracture | The top layer of the glacier extending to about 50m that is made of brittle ice.
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| Zone of flow | The layer of ice crystals that can flow and change shape, below the zone of fracture, that passes over terrain even though the glacier remains solid.
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| Crevasses | A deep fissure in a glacier.
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| Surge | A sudden increase in the speed of glacial movement.
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| Icefall | Glacial ice flowing down a steep incline or cliff from a hanging valley into a deeper valley or the ocean as would a waterfall.
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| Hanging valley | Small valleys that enter glaciated valleys from high on its sides.
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| Tarn | A small pond or lake in a glaciated mountain valley that has no outlet.
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| Horn | A jagged mountain peak left when glacial erosion forms three or more cirques. (ex. Matterhorn in the Swiss Alps.)
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| Fiord | A glacially deepened inlet or arm of the sea characterized by steep-sided walls.
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| Varve | A thin layer of sediment that forms on the bottom of lakes that are fed by glacial melt water.
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| Ice age | A time in the earth’s history during which much of the higher latitudes in both the Northern and Southern hemispheres were covered by glaciers.
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| Loess | A thick deposit of windblown dust and silt.
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