Compensating Filters
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| What structures have varied tissue of thickness & density? | AP Thoracic spine, Lateral Hip & Lateral Cervicothoracid spine (swimmer's)
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| Certain filters also decrease skin entrance exposure by? | Absorption of low-energy photons (decreasing dose to patient)
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| What are specially designed attenuating devices that produce images with even density on anatomic structures that vary significantly in tissue thickness? | Compensating filters
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| T/F: Without the use of a compensating filer, images of anatomy with varying tissue thickness would require 2 exposures or be of suboptimal quality? | True
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| What is the simplest and most common filter shape? | Wedge
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| The wedge is made of what material? | Clear leaded plastic (Clear-Pb)
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| Where are the most compensating filers placed? A. Under the IR; B. Between grid & IR; C. Between the tube and the patient; D. Between patient and the IR | C. Between the tube and the patient
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| The trough is made of what material? | Aluminum
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| Is the boomerang A. collimator mounted or B. contact? | B. Contact
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| Blocks the field of light when placed between tube and patient, makes positioning more challenging, & must complete positioning before mounting filter to collimator. These are all? | Disadvantage of aluminum filters
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| Which compensating filter is used for AP projections of the thoracic spine? | Trough
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| Which compensating filer is used for AP projections of the hips, knees, ankles, and long axis of T-spine, foot, & upright abdomen? | Wedge
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| The boomerang filer is used in AP projections of? | Shoulder and facial bones
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| The _________filter has 2 models for lateral and oblique projection use | Ferlic
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| Which filter material can become objectionably heavy, if made for certain exams? | Leaded plastic
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| What is the unique composition of the boomerang filer? | Silicon rubber
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| The physical principles of filters is in? | Shape, Composition & placement
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| The shape and composition of a filter depends on _______to be imaged? | Body part
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| What filter is used on body parts that vary in thickness along the long axis? | Wedge
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| Numerous special shapes have been designed for more technically challenging exams, which filters are these? | Trough, Ferlic, Boomerang
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| What are the 2 categories of filer placement? | Collimator-mounted & contact
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| What 2 places can contact filters be placed? | On patient & between patient and IR
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| T/F: When placed on patient, the filter decreases skin entrance exposure? | True
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| What filter is used on parts that are thin (less dense) on the edges & thick (more dense) in the center? | Trough
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| What filter improves quality of lateral projections? | Ferlic
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| Digital fluoroscopy uses specifically shaped filters to compensate for round image intensifier, they are? | Convex and concave conical-shaped filters
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| CT uses what shape filter to compensate for the rounded shape of head? | Bow-tie
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| What 2 ways is exposure reduced? | Eliminate need for 2 separate images and many absorb low-energy radiation
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| Compensating filters that are placed between the primary beam and the patient have the additional advantage of: A. Not blocking the light; B. Being lightweight; C. Reducing patient dose | C. reducing patient dose
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| Filters placed under the patient may cause ______, which can be objectionable to the radiologist? | Artifacts
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| Which category of filters has no effect on patient exposure, A. Collimator-mounted, B. Contact? | B. Contact
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| T/F: Digital radiology does not require the use of compensating filters | False
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| T/F: Placement of a compensating filter between the anatomy of interest and the IR can produce objectionable artifacts | True
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| T/F: Filters composed of aluminum block the field of light | True
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| T/F: Filters composed of clear leaded plastic block the field of light | False
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| T/F: Filters are specifically designed to be used with only one body part or radiographic exam | False
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| T/F: Pediatric patients rarely require the use of compensating filters | True
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| T/F: Collimator-mounted filters reduce patient exposure by hardening the primary beam | True
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| T/F: The use of improvised filters, such as saline filled bags, is a recommended practice | False
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| T/F: A wedge filter would be used to improve the image quality of the AP projection of the thoracic spine | True
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| T/F: A "bow-tie" filter is a special filter for use in digital fluoroscopy | False
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