BOCES LPN
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| Where does fertilization take place? | Fallopian tubes
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| What is the new cell called? | A Zygote
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| How long after fertilization does implantation take place? | 7 Days
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| What is the Zygote called just before implantation? | A morula
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| What is does the morula become that burrow into the uterine wall? | A blastocyst
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| After implantation, what hormone is produced that maintains the corpus luteum and provides a positive pregnancy test? | HCG
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| What is the role of the placenta? | Temporary organ (endocrine) respiration, nutrition, excretion for fetus. Secretes HCG, estrogen, progesterone. Transfers immunity.
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| How long do the embryonic and fetal stages last? | Embryonic = conception to 8 weeks
Fetal = 9 weeks to gestation
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| Describe placental blood flow. | From fetus to placenta via umbilical artery
From placenta to fetus via umbilical vein
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| What is the total number of weeks of full term pregnancy? | 40 weeks
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| What is Chadwick's sign? | Purplish tinge of vulva and vagina due to vascular congestion/sign of pregnancy upon exam.
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| What is Goodell's sign? | Softening of cervix. Sign of pregnancy on exam.
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| What is Hegar's sign? | Softening of lower part of uterus. Sign of pregnancy on exam.
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| What is the increase in blood volume during pregnancy? | 30-50%
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| How could the increase in blood volume affect a woman with heart disease? | Could cause CHF
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| How much weight should a normal weight woman gain during pregnancy? | 25-30 pounds
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| What are abnormal cravings for non-food substances called? | Pica
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| Risks associated with pica: | Altered nutrition, exposure to toxins, decreased desire for appropriate foods
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| What are the decreased H&H of pregnancy due to? | Hemodilution
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| Common complaints of pregnancy? | Edema, constipation, frequent urination, hemorrhoids, heartburn, backache, n/v, tiredness
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| How can nausea be relieved? | Eating crackers before getting out of bed in a.m.
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| What causes constipation? | Decreased paristalsis
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| When do women usually complain of urinary frequency? | First and third trimesters
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| What is slowing of the HR attributed to? | Raised diaphragm
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| What are the first fetal movements called? | Quickening
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| How much weight should the average woman gain in the first trimester? | 2-4 pounds
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| To accommodate increased need for O2, what supplement should be given? | Iron
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| How frequently will pregnancy checkups occur? | Monthly through 7th month, then every two weeks until last month then every week
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| After the first trimester, what should the height of the fundus of the uterus be? | Equal to #weeks pregnant in cm.
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| What will urine be checked for at regular doctor visit? | Glucose and protein
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| Why would a non-stress test be performed? | Determine adequate placental blood supply
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| What is lamaze? | Natural labor technique relaxing muscles and therapeutic breathing, usually with coach
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| Is amniotic fluid acidic or alkaline? | Alkaline
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| What viral disease will likely cause harmful affects to fetus? | Rubella
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| Umbilical cord contains what vessels? | two arteries and one vein
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| How is the embryo's sex determined? | Sperm carries X or Y chromosomes. Ovum carries only X. XX = girl. XY = boy.
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| What is the medical term for pregnancy? | Gravada
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| What is the protective jelly found in the umbilical cord called? | Wharton's jelly
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| A dark line often appears vertically in the center of the abdomen. What is this called? | Linea nigra
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| What supplement can be offered to help gingivitis in the pregnant pt? | Vit C
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| What vitamin helps to prevent neural tube defect and is now added to many foods for this reason? | Folic acid
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| What is the medical term for stretch marks associated with pregnancy? | Striae gravidarum
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| Why are some women treated with RhoGAM while pregnant? | To protect future pregnancies of an Rh- mother developing antibodies against an Rh+ fetus.
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| What is ballottement? | Physical exam of mother in which uterus is pushed with finger during vaginal exam and fetus bounces away and returns.
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| What is gravida? | Number of pregnancy of mother.
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| What is para? | The number of births of fetus >20 weeks gestation.
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