Pediatric Nursing - Newborn Info
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| what is acrocyanosis? | bluish discoloration of the hands and feet caused by the instability of the peripheral circulation system
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| posterior fontanel close by age? | 3 months
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| anterior fontanel close by age? | 8 to 18 months
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| a Ballard Score is used to? | assist in the determining of the gestational age of the newborn
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| the Ballard Score should be completed within what time frame? | first 12 hours of life
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| full liver functions begins by what age? | 1 year
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| what is kernicterus? | the chronic and permanent sequelae of bilirubin toxicity, may lead to cerebral palsy, auditory neuropathy, gaze and vision abnormalities, dental enamel hypoplasia
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| what is an effective method of reducing serum bilirubin levels and preventing kernicterus? | phototherapy - high intensity fluorescent lights
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| glomerular filtraion begins at what age? | 9 - 12 weeks
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| ability to concentrate urine begins at what age? | 3 months
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| if a newborn does not void within the first ___ hours of life, the HCP should be notified? | 24
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| newborns exhibit hyp____tonic flexion of all extremities | hypertonic
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| what are milia? | small white papules on the nose, face, forehead and upper torso caused y plugging of the sebaceous glands
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| what are telangiectactic nevi? | capillary hemangiomas "stork bites", found on the nape of the neck and bridge of the nose - disappear in time
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| what are nevus flammeus? | "port wine stain", hemangioma or vascular tumor - does not disappear in time
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| primitive gonads are bipotential until ___ weeks of gestation? | 6 weeks
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| hemorrhagic disease of the newborn is due to? | vitamin K deficiency
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| treatment of hemorrhagic disease in newborns? | administration of phytonadione within 1 hour of birth (1mg IM - full term / 0.5mg IM - pre-term)
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| newborn feeding - amount first week? | 2 - 3 oz / 6 - 8 per day
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| newborn feeding - amount first month? | 3 - 4 oz / 5 - 7 per day
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| head circumference grows at a rate of? | 1 inch / month
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| newborns lose heat via? | convection, conduction, radiation, evaporation
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| convection is? | transfer of heat between a solid and surface and air or liquid (ie. during a bath)
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| conduction is? | heat transfer occurring between two solid objects (ie. contact with a cold scale / counter)
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| radiation is? | heat transfer occurring between two objects not in contact (ie. baby near a window)
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| evaporation is? | heat loss occurring when water on or in the body changes from a liquid to a gas (ie. not drying thoroughly after bath)
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| position to decrease incidence of SIDS? | back to sleep
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| common newborn screenings? | phenylketonuria congenital hypothyroidism, galactosemia, sickle cell disease
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| infant care seat best placement? | rear facing, middle back seat
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| a child is considered pre-mature if born? | <37 weeks gestation
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| a child is considered post-mature if born? | >42 weeks gestation
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| what is Beckwith Wiedeman Syndrome | is classified as an overgrowth syndrome, which means that affected infants are considerably larger than normal (macrosomia) and continue to grow and gain weight at an unusual rate during childhood
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| humerus fractures (do / do not) require splinting and/or immobilization | do not
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| what is respiratory distress syndrome? | a breathing disorder that affects newborns, common in premature infants because their lungs aren't able to make enough surfactant
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| skin of post-mature babies may appear what color? | green if mecorium was passed in utero
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