BSNexp_Fund_Sleep
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| Physiology of Sleep | Reticular activating system (RAS),Bulbar synchronizing region
and Hypothalamus—control center for sleeping and waking
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| Reticular activating system (RAS) | Facilitates reflex and voluntary movements and controls cortical activities related to state of alertness
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| Stages of Sleep | Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) - four stages and Rapid eye movement (REM)
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| NREM | Consists of four stages
Stage I and II—5% to 50 % of sleep, light sleep
Stage III and IV—10% of sleep, deep-sleep states (delta sleep)
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| REM | dream state
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| Sleep Cycle | The person passes consecutively through four stages of NREM sleep.The pattern is then reversed in which the person returns
from stage IV to III to II then enters REM sleep instead of reentering stage I
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| Sleep Cycle con't | The person reenters NREM sleep at stage II and moves on to III and IV.
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| Developemntal Factors Affecting Sleep | Infants sleep alot, toddler sleep 12 hrs, adolscents are more nocturnal and like to stay up late. Adults 6-10hr. Elderly sleep alot less
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| Physical activity and exercise Factors Affecting Sleep |
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| Illnesses Associated With Sleep Disturbances | Peptic ulcers,Coronary artery diseases,Epilepsy,Liver failure and encephalitis,Hypothyroidism
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| Nursing Interview | Identify patient’s sleep–wakefulness patterns,Identify effect of these patterns on everyday functioning,Assess patient’s use of sleep aids, Assess the presence of sleep disturbances and contributing factors
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| Sleep Characteristics to Assess | Restlessness,Sleep postures,Sleep activities,Snoring,
Leg jerking
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| Dyssomnias | —characterized by insomnia or excessive sleepiness
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| Parasomnias | —patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep
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| Dyssomnias | Insomnia,Hypersomnia,Narcolepsy,Sleep apnea,Restless leg syndrome,Sleep deprivation
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| Parasomnias | Somnambulism,sleep talking,Bruxism,Enuresis,Sleep-related eating disorder
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| Treatment for Dyssomnias | Pharmacologic therapy(Sedatives and hypnotics) and
Nonpharmacologic therapy:Stimulus control,Sleep restriction
Relaxation therapy
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