Bacterial Diseases and Intoxications of the GI tract
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| Bacillary dysentary | bloody diarrhea caused by Shigella--raspberry jam stool--contains blood and sheets of pus--great numbers of bacilli in stool
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| Bacteriuria | bacteria in the urine
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| Botulinum toxin | so potent that detectable growth (by odor or bulging cans) need not be present for intoxication to result--one ounce can kill population of U.S.
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| Botulism | occurs when canned foods ingested that were not adequately heated to kill all clostridium botulinum spores--absorbed in bloodstream--acts on nerves--sx dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, abd. pain--paralysis, resp. paralysis cause of death
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| Brucellosis | caused by Brucella--in animals and are a common cause of abortion in cattle, swine, sheep, and goats--humans get from handling these animals, their meat, or dairy products--incubation 2-4 weeks--fever, anorexia, abd pain, diarrhea, nausea--fever up/down
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| Cholera | disease caused by Vibrio cholerae--comma-shaped organism--rice water stool, watery appearance with small granules that look like rice grains--massive looses of electrolytes (20L/day)--measure fluid lost and replace with that much volume with electrolytes
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| Coliform | Escherichia coli--common inhabitant of colon--gram neg. bacterium--contains endotoxin--lipid A of LPS--induces fever when bacteria invade--transmission: feces, flies, fingers, foodd and fomites--sanitation is key
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| Cystitis | inflammation of the bladder
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| Dysentery | watery diarrhea with blood, mucus, pain, and fever
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| Enterotoxin | acid stable--E.coli--causes bloody diarrhea, kidney failure, coma and death--transmission--fecal-oral--ABT not useful
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| Food poisoning | enterotoxin secreted by many strains of staphylococcus--lasts 1-6 hours--projectile vomiting
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| Gastritis | inflammation of the stomach
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| Gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and intestinal lining
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| Intoxication | disease produced by a toxin
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| Pure toxemia | stomach acid kills organisms
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| Rose spots | skin hemorrhages that come with typhoid fever
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| Salmonellosis | less severe form of diarrhea--salmonella--transmitted from reptiles--gram-negative rod
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| Stepladder fever | fever that goes up and down each day--typhoid fever
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| Traveler's diarrhea | seen in people who travel to foreign countries and contact E. coli with different enterotoxin
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| Typhoid fever | gran-neg rod--human to human spread--salmonella typhi--intestinal ulcerations, bloody stools, bacteremia, rose spots and stepladder fever--chronic carriage can last entire lifetime
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| Urinary tract infection (UTI) | caused by E. coli--
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| Zoonosis | disease transmission from animal to human
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