Cells & Biochemistry
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| cells | basic building blocks of life
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| unicellular | organisms made up of one cell
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| multicellular | organisms made up of more than one cell
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| tissues | group of cells organized to perform a function in a multicellular organisms
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| organ | a group of related tissues
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| organ system | organs working together to perform a set of related tasks
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| carbohydrates | organic molecules that provide quick energy; from pasta, breads, and fruits
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| monosaccharides | building blocks of carbohydrates
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| cellulose | carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plant cells
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| proteins | organic molecule that provide structure, regulate metabolic reactions, help cells move, and transport materials
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| amino acids | building blocks of proteins
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| enzyme | organic catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living things; a type of protein
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| substrate | the substance on which an enzyme acts
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| lipids | organic molecules that do not dissolve in water; fats, oils, and waxes
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| fatty acids | building blocks of lipids
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| nucleic acids | organic molecules that store genetic information that is passed from generation to generation; DNA, RNA, and ATP
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| polarity | this is due to the unequal sharing of electrons in the water molecule, resulting a slightly negative oxygen and slightly positive hydrogen
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| solvent | a substance in which other substances can be dissolved; water is the best at this
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| density | the measure of a substance's mass divided by its volume; water 1.00 kg/L
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| vitamins | organic substances necessary in very small amounts for important chemical reactions
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| minerals | inorganic substances used to make certain body structures and substance; for normal nerve and muscle function; not produced by living organisms and must be replaced daily
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| vitamin C | vitamin important in wound healing
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| vitamin D | vitamin important in bone health
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| vitamin K | vitamin important in blood clotting
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| vitamin A | vitamin important in night vision
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| nucleus | control center of cell; where chromosomes are found
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| ribosomes | sites of protein synthesis; may be attached to ER or float freely in cytoplasm
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| ER | a system of membranes and sacs that act like a highway along which molecules move from one part of a cell to another
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| Golgi apparatus | a system of membranes that modifies and refines proteins, getting them ready for use
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| mitochondria | sites of chemical reactions that transfer energy from organic compounds into ATP; where cellular respiration occurs
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| lysosomes | organelle that acts like the cell's digestive system; breaks down old cell parts, cleans up cell
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| cell membrane | regulates what enters and leaves the cell; is semipermeable
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| semipermeable | some substances can pass through easily whereas others cannot
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| cell wall | rigid outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells; made of cellulose
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| vacuole | fluid-filled organelle that stores enzymes, wastes, water, and nutrients in plant cells
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| chloroplast | site of photosynthesis
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| diffusion | the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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| osmosis | diffusion of water
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| passive transport | the movement of materials into or out of a cell without the use of energy
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| active transport | the movement of materials into or out of a cell with the use of energy; generally moves against the concentration gradient
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| concentration gradient | the difference in concentration of particles between two side-by-side regions
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| vascular system | system used by plants to move materials around the plant; xylem & phloem
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Created by:
plaun
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