A Nursing Process Approach Chapter 1
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| Three phases of drug action for PO Drugs | Pharmaceutic (dissolution), Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic
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| Pharmaceutic Phase | (Dissolution) is the first phase of drug action, has two phases known as disintegration and dissolution.
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| Disintegration | the break down of a tablet into smaller particles
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| Dissolution | the dissolving of the smaller particles in the GI Fluid before absorption.
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| Rate Limiting | is the time it takes a particular drug to disintegrate and dissolve to become available for the body to absorb it.
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| Excipients | Fillers used in tablets to allow for stability of drug or shaping of tablets.
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| Pharmacokinetics Phase | is the process of drug movement to achieve drug action. Consists of 4 processes; absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. This is the second phase in PO medications and the initial phase in parenteral drugs.
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| Absorption | is the movement of drug particles from the GI tract to body fluids by passive absorption, active absorption, or pinocytosis.
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| First-Pass Effect | Hepatic First Pass: metabolism by the liver from the hepatic portal vein after absorption from the lumen of the intestines.
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| Bioavailability | is a subcategory of absorption. It is the percentage of the administered drug dose that reaches the systemic circulation.
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