BIOLOGY SPRING 2016 FINAL EXAM REVIEW
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| What radioactive isotope would be used to measure the age of mummified tissue? | Carbon-14
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| What fossil type provides the most anatomical information to paleontologist? | Amber
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| What is the name of the period that followed extensive glaciations in the precambrian? | Cambrian
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| Nearly all fossils occur in what kind of rock? | Sedimentary
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| The oldest fossils found were of microfossils and are 3.5 billion years old and found in _____. | Volcanic rock
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| Pasteur's experiments lead to the development of what theory? | Theory of Biogenesis
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| ____ was likely to have provided a framework for amino acid chains | Clay
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| Banded iron formations are important evidence for the early evolution of ___. | Photosynthetic autotrophs
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| What is the approximate age of the earth? | 4.6 billion years
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| Which gas was most likely not part of the earth's early atmosphere? | Oxygen
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| Cells with membrane bound nucleus and organelles | Eukaryotes
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| Cells without membrane bound nucleus and organelles | Prokayotes
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| Earth formed and the first life appeared | Precambrian
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| Energy from sunlight and lightning allowed the first organic molecules to form | Oparin Hypothesis
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| ____ are the first molecules that must for in order to life to exist | Amino acids
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| Mammals first appeared | Mesozoic era
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| Prokaryotic cells were likely involved in the formation of Eukaryotic cells | Endosymbiont theory
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| Scientists hypothesize that the first cells were ____ | Prokaryotic
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| Which era of earth's history could be named the"era of mammals?" | Cenozoic
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| The mass extinction of the dinosaurs happened during the ____ | Mesozoic era
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| Smallest unit of geologic time lasting several million years | Epoch
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| Determining the age in relation to the layers of rock surrounding the fossil | Relative dating
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| Determining the age of a fossil by measuring radioactive elements present | Radiometric dating
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| Scientist who studies fossils | Paleontologist
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| Unit of geologic time consisting of two or more periods that last hundreds of millions of years | Era
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| Divisions of geologic time lasting tens of millions of years | Periods
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| Younger rock layers are deposited atop older rock layers | Law of Superposition
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| Amount of time it takes for half of a given sample of radioactive elements to decay | Half-life
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| Remains or evidence of once living organisms | Fossils
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| Theory disproven by Redi | Spontaneous Generation
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| Because of it's ____, earth is a planet that is capable of maintaining an atmosphere | Gravitational field
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| Earliest fossilized life forms are known as ___. | Microfossils
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| The death of all individuals of a species | Extinction
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| Record of earth's history | Geologic time scale
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| Geologic time scale was based on a coordinated project by the ___. | International Commission on Stratigraphy
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| Ancestors of most major animal groups diversified in what scientists called the ____ | Cambrian Explosion
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| Sediment layer in which scientists found large amounts of an element called iridium. | K-T Boundary
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| The dominant organisms during mesozoic era | Dinosaurs
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| Describes the movement of several large plates that make up the surface of the earth. | Plate tectonics
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| Evidence indicates that a sequence of ______ preceded by the origin of life on earth and that life has evolved continuously since that time | Chemical events
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| Pasteur's experiment showed that sterile broth remained free of ____ until exposed to air | Microorganisms
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| The primordial soup hypothesis was proposed by Alexander Oparin and ___ | John Haldane
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| The ____ experiment showed for the first time that organic molecules could be produced from gases proposed to have made up the atmosphere of early earth. | Miller-Urey
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| Scientists who study chemistry and how it relates to life | Biochemists
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| An instrument or process by which something is done or comes into being | Mechanism
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| Archaea near deep-sea hydrothermal vents use ____ to form the base of the vent food web | Inorganic molecules
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| Scientists believe that iron banding in sedimentary rocks is a result of cyclic peaks in ____ production. | Oxygen
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| Biologist who proposed the endosymbiont theory | Lynn Margulis
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| Darwin referred to the process of promoting certain traits by breeding members with those traits as... | Artificial selection
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| A morphological adaptation in which one species resembles another is called... | Mimicry
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| Population decline causes an extreme genetic drift called a(n)... | Bottleneck
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| Recently evolved traits that do not appear in ancestral fossils are called... | Derived traits
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| What are two main components of natural selection? | Variation and inheritance
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| What has occurred when fertilization produces a hybrid offspring that cannot develop or reproduce? | Postzygotic isolation
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| What occurs when average traits benefit a population rather than extreme traits? | Stabilizing selection
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| Charles Darwin served as naturalist on the ... | HMS Beagle
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| While in the ... Darwin noticed slight differences in the animals from one island to the next | Galapagos Islands
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| Show that the species present on Earth have changed over time | Fossils
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| Thought to be the ancestor of birds | Dinosaur
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| Are newly evolved features such as feathers | Derived traits
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| Though to be the ancestor of armadillos | Glyptodont
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| Modified structure seen among different groups of descendants | Homologous structures
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| Eyes in a blind fish are examples of... | Vestigial structures
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| DNA and RNA comparisons | Comparative biochemistry
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| Bird wings and butterfly wings | Analogous structures
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| Body structure that is no longer used for its original function | Vestigial structures
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| Study of the distribution of plants and animals on earth | Biogeography
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| Traits that enable individuals to survive or reproduce better than individuals without... | Adaptations
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| Change in allelic frequencies in a population that is due to change | Genetic drift
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| Removes individuals with average trait values, creating two populations with extreme ones | Disruptive selection
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| Most common form of selection | Stabilizing selection
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| When a small sample of the main population settles in a location separated from main population | Founder effect
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| Species evolves into a new species without any barriers that separate the populations | Sympatric speciation
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| Shift populations toward a beneficial but extreme trait value | Directional selection
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| Population is divided by a barrier, each population evolves separately and eventually two populations cannot successfully interbreed | Allopatric speciation
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| Change in size or frequency of a trait based on competition for mates | Sexual selection
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| One species will sometimes diversity in a relatively short time into a number of different species | Adaptive radiation
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| Idea that evolution occurred in small steps over millions of years | Gradualism
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| Leafy sea dragon looks more like a plant than an animal, this is an example of... | Camouflage
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| Change of species over time | Evolution
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| Industrial melanism is a special case of... | A structural adaptation
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| Process of directed breeding | Artificial selection
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| Organisms most adapted to their environment survive, those which are not best adapted will die | Natural selection
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| Early, pre-birth stage of an organisms development | Embryo
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| Occurs when two or more species evolve adaptations to resemble one another | Mimicry
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| Studying the structure of organisms during early stages of development | Comparative embryology
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| States that when allelic frequencies remain constant, a population is in genetic equilibrium | Hardy-Weinberg Principle
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| Primitive features, such as teeth and tails, which appear in ancestral forms | Ancestral traits
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| Process that splits a population into two groups | Disruptive selection
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| The condition of no longer existing... | Extinction
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| Humanlike primates that appear to be more closely related to present-day human that to present-day chimps... | Anthropoids
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| Tree-dwelling... | Arboreal
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| Land-dwelling... | Terrestrial
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| Overlapping fields of vision... | Binocular vision
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| Active during the day... | Diurnal
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| Active during the night... | Nocturnal
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| Humanlike primate... | Hominin
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| A digit set apart from the others that can be brought across the palm or foot to touch or nearly touch other digists... | Opposable digit
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| Tail that functions like a fifth limb... | Prehensile tail
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| To become different in character or form... | Diverge
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| Suitable for diverse diets... | Unspecialized teeth
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| Extended dependency period to allow time to learn complex social interactions... | Low reproductive rate
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| Enhanced memory and coordination; problem-solving abilities and well developed social skills... | Large complex brain
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| Wet-nosed primates... | Strepsirrhines
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| Dry-nosed primates... | Haplorines
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| What is special about the island of Madagascar that makes it a great place to study evolution? | Isolated
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| First primates appeared... | 85 mya
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| Anthropoids diverged from tarsiers... | 50 mya
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| Earliest primate fossils appeared... | 60 mya
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| New world monkeys diverged from old world monkey line... | 35-25 mya
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| Flowering trees provided a new food source as well as new living environments; which most likely spurred the evolution of ____ living... | Arboreal
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| Organelle found in eukaryotic cells containing genetic material and responsible for cellular energy... | Mitochondria
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| First fully modern human group; expressed itself symbolically and artistically... | Cro-Magnon
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| Genus that includes living and extinct humans... | Homo
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| Distinct human species that evolved exclusively in Europe and Asia; larger and more heavily muscled than modern humans... | Neanderthal
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| Modern humans evolved from several dispersed populations of early Homo species at the same time in different areas of the world (convergent evolution)... | Multiregional evolution model
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| Modern humans evolved only once, in Africa, and then migrated to all parts of the world... | Out of Africa hypothesis
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| ___ DNA is inherited only from the mother... | Mitochondrial
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| Evidence suggests they cared for their sick and buried their dead... | H. neanderthalensis
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| More versatile than predecessors; adapted successfully to a variety of environments... | H. erectus
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| First undisputed member of the Homo genus... | H. habilis
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| Nicknamed the "hobbit"... | H. floresiensis
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| Though to have had the first "human nose"... | H. ergaster
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| Limber shoulders and hips made for ease of... | Locomotion
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| Binocular vision led to advanced... | Depth perception
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| Subfamily that includes only humans and human ancestors... | Hominin
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| Order of animals characterized by flexible hands and feet... | Primate
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| Humanlike primate... | Anthropoid
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| (T/F) The primate flexible hand might have evolved to catch insects... | T
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| (T/F) Arboreal adaptations allowed primitive primates to escape predators | F
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| (T/F) The earliest primate fossil might have resembled the modern tree shrew | T
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| (T/F) According to the fossil record, strepsirrhines were widespread by about 50 mya | T
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| (T/F) Early anthropoids had small brains | T
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| (T/F) When antrhopoids emerged, may strepsirrhines became extinct | T
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| (T/F) Aegyptopithecus fossils show neither haplorhine nor strepsirfhine features | F
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| Most primates have body types adapted for (hand over hand motion) or... | Brachiation
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| Most homo adaptations were a result to a ___ habitat... | Savanna
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| Small, apelike hominins that lived in Africa between 4.1-1 mya... | Austalopithicine
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| A. afarensis was bipedal, but she exhibited apelike traits. What type of evolutionary pattern might account for this...? | Mosaic
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| First undisputed member of the hominin group... | A. africanus
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| Which species made the fossilized footprints which Mary Leakey discovered? | A. afarensis
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| Who found "Lucy?" | Donald Johansen
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| Who found and nicknamed the "Taung baby?" | Raymond Dart
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| The name ___ means "spirit of the night"... | Lemur
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| The earliest fossilized primate is the ____... | Atliatlasius
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| Longer arms than legs, larger brains in comparison with monkeys, barrel-shaped chests, o tails and flexible joints... | Apes
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| Characterized by a relatively long tail which is often prehensile... | New world monkeys
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| African apes live in family groups or small bands and display complex... | Social behaviors
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| Best known and some of the oldest hominoid fossils; had the smallest brain of the hominoid... | Proconsul
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| "Prokaryotic" literally means... | Without a nucleus
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| Submicroscopic, hairlike structures that are made of protein | Pili
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| Although some prokaryotes are stationary, other use ___ for movement | Flagella
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| Autotrophs that break down and release inorganic compounds in their metabolism | Chemoautotrophs
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| Autotrophs that conduct photosynthesis | Photoautotrophs
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| To put similar organisms in groups | Classify
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| The science of grouping and naming organisms | Taxonomy
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| The largest of the classification categories | Kingdom
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| Two-name naming system of classification | Binomial Nomenclature
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| A group made up of all the orders of similar species | Class
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| Smallest, most specific classification category | Species
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| An organisms evolutionary history | Phylogeny
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| The great variety of plant and animal species on earth | Species Diversity
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| The 2nd highest of the taxonomical categories in the plant kingdom | Division
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| Tool to help identify an organism's scientific name | Dichotomous Key
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| Aristotle's classification categories DID NOT have a logical spot for ___________ (frogs) | Amphibians
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| Linnaeus's major contribution to organism classification was ________ | Binomial Nomenclature
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| The first word of an organisms scientific name is the | Genus
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| The second word of an organisms scientific name is the | Species
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| The ______ is always capitalized in the scientific name | Genus
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| When classification is based on phylogeny, scientist look specifically at DNA, fossils, body structures, and _______ _______ | Embryo Development
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| The kingdom that includes bacteria is ______ | Monera
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| Fungi make their own food (true/false) | False
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| Monera were the first cells on earth (true/false) | True
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| Protists are (eukaryotic/prokaryotic) | Eukaryotic
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| Animals are multi-celled and move independently (true/false) | True
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| A species whose survival is threatened by the cutting down of old growth forests in the US is the | Northern Spotted Owl
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| Scientists communicate best when they use _____ for classifications | Scientific Names
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| The classification system most commonly used today separates organisms into ______ major kingdom | Five
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| Organisms with the same ______ names are more closely related than those with the same phylum name and less closely related than those with the same Order. | Class
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| The Carolina parakeet and the ______ are species that have gone extinct because of human activities | Passenger Pigeon
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| Monera are (unicellular/multicellular/both) | Unicellular
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| Protists are (unicellular/multicellular/both) | Both
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| Fungi are (unicellular/multicellular/both) | Both
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| Plants are (unicellular/multicellular/both) | Multicellular
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| Animals are (unicellular/multicellular/both) | Multicellular
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| There can be more than one species in a genus (true/false) | True
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| The word Eukaryote means | True Nucleus
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| The language used for naming organisms is | Latin
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| The scientific name of an organism must either be italicized OR | Underlined
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| The word Prokaryote means | Before Nucleus
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'P' stands for | Phylum
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'O' stands for | Order
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'K' stands for | Kingdom
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'S' stands for | Species
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'C' stands for | Class
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'F' stands for | Family
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| In the saying, "Kings Play Chess On Fuzzy Green Stools" the 'G' stands for | Genus
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| Animal like protists... | Protozoans
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| Plant like protists... | Algae
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| Fungus like protists, Slime molds or... | Water molds
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| Fungus like protists, water molds or... | Slime molds
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| Protozoans which move via cilia... | Ciliates
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| Protozoans which move and envelop food using pseudopods... | Sarcodines
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| Protozoans which move via flagella... | Zooflagellates
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| Protozoans which reproduce using spores... | Sporozoans
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| Protist that makes its own food through photosynthesis... | Algae
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| Protists that east other unicellular organisms... | Protozoans
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| Protist that absorbs its nutrients from dead organisms... | Fungus-like protist
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| Digests wood for termites... | Microsporidium
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| Protists are classified into three groups based on... | Food source
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| The ___ of protists is now well known. | Evolutionary history
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| The ___ is describes the most likely means by which Eukaryotic cells, the protists being the first, evolved... | Endosymbiont theory
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| The ___ and zoomastigina (zooflagellates) cause diseases in humans... | Apicomplexa (sporozoans)
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| Type of sleeping sickness, AKA chagas disease, caused by a zooflagellate... | American Sleeping Sickness
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| African sleeping sickness is transmitted to humans via the... | Tsetse fly
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| Algal blooms occur when ___ reproduce in great numbers due to plentiful food and favorable environmental conditions... | Dinoflagellates
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| Algae that have characteristics of both plants and animals... | Euglenoids
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| The life cycle of algae is similar to plants in that they practice... | Alternation of generations
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| The cell walls of fungus like protists do not contain ___ like the cell walls of true fungi... | Chitin
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| Slime molds form a ___ which is a moving mass of cytoplasm... | Plasmodium
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| A chemical called ___ signals slime mold amoeboid cells to congregate and form a single sluglike colony... | Acrasin
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| Acellular slime molds belong to the phylum... | Myxomycota
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| Water molds and downy mildew in the phylum ___ are often found in water or other damp places... | Oomycota
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| The downy mildew responsible for the Irish potato famine... | Phytophthora infestans
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| Giant kelp is an example of... | Algae
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| Some protists live in ___ conditions in which they depend on other organisms... | Symbiotic
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| A paramecium is an example of... | Ciliates
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| Structure in a paramecium which contains copies of the cell's genome for controlling everyday functions... | Macroucleus
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| Amoebas use ___ for feeding and locomotion... | Pseudopods
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| Euglenoids have a structure called a(n) ___ to detect light... | Eyespot
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| What type of plant like protist produces much of the oxygen in the atmosphere? | Phytoplankton
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| ___ allow algae to absorb light in deep water... | Secondary pigments
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| The cell-wall of a fungus like protist contains ___ instead of chitin... | Cellulose
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| Feeding stage of a slime mold in which it is a mobile cytoplasmic mass... | Plasmodium
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| What does a diatom use to store excess food? | Oil
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| Which organism has silica walls? | Diatom
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| A Paramecium's contractile vacuole helps to regulate the ___ inside the cell... | Amount of water
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| Contain parasitic sporozoans... | Apicomplexa
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| Used to thicken puddings, syrups and shampoos... | Red algae
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| Includes all species of kelp... | Brown algae
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| Includes the most common species of algae found in NA freshwater... | Green algae
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| Most freshwater algae species are classified into phylum... | Chlorophyta
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| Phylum phaeophyta classifies kelp and other protists called... | Brown algae
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| Algae in phylum bacillariophyta that have two halves and display a wide variety of geometric shapes... | Diatoms
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| Ciliates vary the composition of their DNA by using the process of ... | Conjugation
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| Protists in phylum Rhodophyta that contain calcium carbonate and contribute to the formation of coral reefs are called... | Red algae
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| Human disease caused by a sporozoan and transmitted by mosquitoes... | Malaria
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| asexual reproduction in which there is an exchange of genetic information.... | Conjugation
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| Studies organisms that usually are seen only with a microscope... | Microbiologist
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| The concentration of dissolved substances is lower in the solution outside the cell than the concentration inside the cell... | Hypotonic
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| The concentration of dissolved substances is the same in the solution as is inside the cell... | Isotonic
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| Comes from the Greek word meaning 'the very first'... | Protist
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| Chlorophyll containing organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy... | Chloroplast
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| A biologist who specializes in the study of algae... | Algologist
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| Yellow-green and golden brown algae... | Chrysophytes
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| Something that completes or makes an addition... | Supplement
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| A glucose polymer that forms the cell walls of plants and some fungus like protists... | Cellulose
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| A particular state in a regular cycle of changes... | Phase
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| Tough, polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi... | Chitin
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| Reproductive structure of fungi... | Fruiting body
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| Specialized hyphae found in parasitic fungi... | Haustoria
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| Filaments composing the body o the fungus... | Hyphae
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| Netlike mass of branching hyphae... | Mycelium
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| Cross-walls between hyphae... | Septa
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| Sac or case in which spores are produced... | Sporangia
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| Reproductive haploid cell within a hard outer coat... | Spore
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| Fungi do not contain pigments/chloroplasts so they are not autotrophic but rather... | Heterotrophic
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| Can be used for both asexual or sexual reproduction in fungi... | Spores
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| Process by which the offspring grows off the parent (parent cell) until it is large enough to function on its own... | Budding
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| If the mycelium of a fungus is severed and the pieces are placed in an area in which conditions are favorable, each individual piece may grow and develop into a mature organism... | Fragmentation
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| An organism that feeds on and breaks down dead organisms, recycling nutrients back into food webs... | Decomposer
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| Some of the ___ and oldest organisms on earth belong to kingdom fungi... | Largest
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| The cells walls, ___ and septa distinguish fungus from plants... | Hyphae
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| Unicellular fungus found throughout the world and important in the commercial production of certain foods and beverages... | Yeasts
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| An organism that feeds off a host cell/organism... | Parasite
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| Organisms that live/function together and both benefit from the relationship... | Mutualism
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| Hyphae that spread across the surface of food... | Stolons
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| Hyphae that penetrate food and absorb nutrients... | Rhizoids
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| Reproductive structure of molds that contain haploid nucleus... | Gametangium
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| In sac fungi, hyphae that produce spores on their tips for asexual reproduction... | Conidophores
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| In sac fungi, a reproductive structure where a zygote forms during asexual reproduction... | Ascocarp
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| In sac fungi, a saclike structure where spores develop during sexual reproduction... | Ascus
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| Spores produced by the ascus in sac fungi... | Ascospores
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| Fruiting body of a club fungi... | Basidiocarp
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| Club-shaped hyphae that produce spores in club fungi... | Basidia
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| Spores produced in basidia during sexual reproduction of club fungi... | Basidiospores
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|
||||
| Recent ___ suggests chytrids are related more closely to fungi than to protists... | Molecular evidence
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|
||||
| A(n) ___ studies various aspects about fungus... | Mycologist
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|
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| ___ are known as the imperfect fungi.. | Deuteromycota
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|
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| Type of fungi which transform organic substances from waste matter and dead organisms into raw materials... | Saprophytes
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|
||||
| Type of fungi which absorb nutrients from living hosts by means of haustoria... | Parasites
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|
||||
| Type of fungi which live in a symbiotic relationship with other living organisms... | Mutualistic
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|
||||
| Protect spores and keep them from drying out until they are released... | Sporangia
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|
||||
| Includes bread molds and other molds... | Zygomycota
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|
||||
| Appears to lack a sexual stage in life cycle... | Deuteromycota
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|
||||
| Produces flagellated spores... | Chytridiomycota
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|
||||
| Most common fungi phylum, includes yeasts... | Ascomycota
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|
||||
| Includes mushrooms... | Basidiomycota
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|
||||
| In sexual reproduction, parts of two haploid ___ fuse to form a diploid structure... | Mating strains
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|
||||
| Most members of the phylum Ascomycota are ___ | Multicellular
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|
||||
| Rapid growth of basidiocarps is due to... | Cell enlargement
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|
||||
| Saprophytic basidiocarps produce enzymes that ... | Decompose wood
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|
||||
| Produces airy bread and alcohol in beer and wine... | Fermentation
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|
||||
| Use of fungi and bacteria to remove pollution... | Bioremediation
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|
||||
| Living organism that is sensitive to environmental pollutants... | Bioindicator
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|
||||
| Producing a large number of spores increases a species' changes of... | Survival
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|
||||
| Some fungi are the source of ___ drugs used for organ transplants... | Immune suppressant
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|
||||
| Adaptations to ___ on earth contributed to the evolution of plants... | Environmental changes
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|
||||
| Present day plants and ___ share many characteristics... | Present day algae
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|
||||
| Waxy coating on outer surface of plant cells... | Cuticle
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|
||||
| Openings on plant leaves enabling exchange of gases... | Stomata
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|
||||
| Specialized plant tissues used for transport... | Vascular tissue
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|
||||
| Reproductive strategies that enabled the adaptations of plants to land... | Spores/seeds
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|
||||
| Haploid gametophyte generation produces diploid sporophyte generation... | Alternation of generations
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|
||||
| Haploid gametophyte produces... | Gametes
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|
||||
| Diploid sporophyte produces... | Spores
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|
||||
| Most of the plant's lifetime is spent in the ___ | Sporophyte generation
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|
||||
| Typically small and usually grow in damp enviroments... | Nonvascular plants
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|
||||
| Mosses; no true leaves; rhizoids; water and nutrients transported via diffusion... | Bryophyta
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|
||||
| Rootlike, multicellular projections that anchor mosses to the soil/surfaces... | Rhizoids
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|
||||
| Smallest division; water and nutrients via osmosis/diffusion; one large chloroplast in each cell; mutualistic relationship with cyanobacterium... | Anthocerophyta
🗑
|
||||
| Liverworts; grow close to the ground; water and nutrients transported by osmosis/diffusion, classified as either thallose or leafy... | Hepaticophyta
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|
||||
| Tissues for transport and are generally larger and better adapted to drier environments than nonvascular plants... | Seedless vascular plants
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|
||||
| Compact cluster of spore-bearing structures... | Strobilus
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|
||||
| Includes ferns ad horsetails; coal age plants; can produce sporophytes without fertilization... | Pterophyta
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|
||||
| Plants that live anchored to an object or another plant... | Epiphyte
🗑
|
||||
| Underground organs for food-storage... | Rhizomes
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|
||||
| Large, leaf-like structure seen in seedless vascular plants... | Frond
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|
||||
| Structure in which spores form... | Sporangium
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|
||||
| Clusters of sporangium on the underside of fronds... | Sorus
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|
||||
| Structure found within the seed that either stores food or helps absorb food for the tiny sporophyte... | Cotyledon
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|
||||
| Male and female cones grow on separate plants; large, divided leaves; naturally found in tropics and subtropics; grew in abundance 200 mya... | Cycadophyta
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|
||||
| Can live as long as 1500-2000 years; just three genera; ranges from species of tropical trees and climbing vines... | Gnetophyta
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|
||||
| Only one living species left; small fan-shaped leaves; male and female systems on separate plants... | Ginkgophyta
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|
||||
| Range i size from low-growing shrubs to towering trees; most economically important gymnosperms; waxlike coating on needle-/scale-like leaves... | Coniferophyta
🗑
|
||||
| Flowering plants; most widely distributed plants; make up 75% of the plant kingdom today... | Anthophyta
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|
||||
| Completes its life span in one growing season or less... | Annual plants
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|
||||
| Life span two years... | Biennial plants
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|
||||
| Can live for several years and usually produces flowers and seeds yearly... | Perennial plants
🗑
|
||||
| Protists that formed colonies in the sea 570 mya and are the predecessors of the animal kingdom... | Choanoflagellates
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|
||||
| Must feed on other organisms... | Heterotrophs
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|
||||
| Can produce their own food... | Autotrophs
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|
||||
| Without a backbone... | Invertebrates
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|
||||
| With a backbone and endosekelton.. | Vertebrates
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|
||||
| Cover the bodies of many invertebrates... | Exoskeletons
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|
||||
| Internal skeletons... | Endoskeletons
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|
||||
| Animal cells lack a ___ like those found in plants... | Cell wall
🗑
|
||||
| Animals are organized into structure and functional units called... | Tissues
🗑
|
||||
| Produce both eggs and sperm in the same animal body... | Hermaphrodites
🗑
|
||||
| Cell formed from a fertilized egg cell... | Zygote
🗑
|
||||
| Fluid filled ball of cells... | Blastula
🗑
|
||||
| Two cell layer sac with opening at one end... | Gastrula
🗑
|
||||
| Inner layer of gastrula; develops into digestive organs and lining of the digestive tract... | Endoderm
🗑
|
||||
| Outer layer of gastrula; develops into nervous tissue and skin... | Ectoderm
🗑
|
||||
| Develops to become muscle, circulatory system, excretory system and in some species a respiratory system... | Mesoderm
🗑
|
||||
| First anatomical feature to indicate a major change in body plants was the... | Development of tissues
🗑
|
||||
| Similarity or balance among body structures... | Symmetry
🗑
|
||||
| A body plan with a definite head and rear end; also a ventral and dorsal surface... | Cephalization
🗑
|
||||
| Fluid-filled cavity developing within mesoderm... | Coelom
🗑
|
||||
| Fluid-filled cavity that develops between mesoderm and endoderm... | Pseudocoelom
🗑
|
||||
| Organisms without an internal cavity; solid bodies... | Acoelomate
🗑
|
||||
| Animals whose mouth develops from the first opening in the gastrula; final outcome for each cell in embryo cannot be altered... | Protostomes
🗑
|
||||
| Animals whose anus develops from the first opening in the gastrula; final outcome for each cell in embryo can be altered... | Deuterostomes
🗑
|
||||
| Body or body parts is/are broken into individual sections... | Segmentation
🗑
|
||||
| First animals to evolve from multicellular ancestor... | Sponges and Cnidarians
🗑
|
||||
| No tissues and asymmetrical... | Phylum Porifera
🗑
|
||||
| Two tissue layers and contain collar cells... | Phylum Cnidaria
🗑
|
||||
| Approximately when did primitive land plants appear? | 400 mya
🗑
|
||||
| What was the biggest obstacle for plants to live on land? | Obtaining enough water
🗑
|
||||
| Structure which contains clusters of sporangia in ferns... | Sorus
🗑
|
||||
| Plant division that has needle-like or scaly leaves? | Coniferophyta
🗑
|
||||
| When one cell is removed during early development, the organism will not develop into a complete animal... | Protostome
🗑
|
||||
| When one cell is removed during early development, not only will the organism still develop completely but the cell removed could develop into a whole new organism... | Deuterostome
🗑
|
||||
| The under-surface of an animal, or the belly side... | Ventral
🗑
|
||||
| Cnidarians evolved directly from.. | Multicellular choanoflagellates
🗑
|
||||
| Most primitive of land plants... | Liverworts
🗑
|
||||
| Body plan with mirror-image right and left halves... | Bilateral symmetry
🗑
|
||||
| Plant that lives anchored to another plant or object... | Epiphyte
🗑
|
||||
| Hard outer covering of some animals... | Exoskeleton
🗑
|
||||
| Two-layer sac with an opening at one end... | Gastrula
🗑
|
||||
| Animals that produce both eggs and sperm... | Hermaphrodites
🗑
|
||||
| Spore-bearing structures that form a compact cluster... | Strobilus
🗑
|
||||
| Enable gas exchange for terrestrial plants... | Stomata
🗑
|
||||
| Backside of an organism... | Dorsal surface
🗑
|
||||
| The gametophyte is... | Haploid
🗑
|
||||
| The sporophyte is... | Diploid
🗑
|
||||
| Plant structure that contains the embryo... | Seed
🗑
|
||||
| Gymnosperms with cones containing reproductive structures, large divided leaves, tropics and subtropics... | Cycadophyta
🗑
|
||||
| Tropical trees and climbing vines, gymnosperms, source of ephedrine, live in diverse environments... | Gnetophyta
🗑
|
||||
| One living species of this gymnosperm division left... | Ginkgophyta
🗑
|
||||
| Used for lumber and lumber products... | Confierophyta
🗑
|
||||
| Flower plants... | Anthophyta
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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