(Biology) Ch. 16 Primates Review
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| The condition of no longer existing... | Extinction
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| Humanlike primates that appear to be more closely related to present-day human that to present-day chimps... | Hominin
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| Tree-dwelling... | Arboreal
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| Land-dwelling... | Terrestrial
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| Overlapping fields of vision... | Binocular vision
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| Active during the day... | Diurnal
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| Active during the night... | Nocturnal
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| Human-like primate... | Hominin
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| A digit set apart from the others that can be brought across the palm or foot to touch or nearly touch other digists... | Opposable digit
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| Tail that functions like a fifth limb... | Prehensile tail
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| To become different in character or form... | Diverge
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| Suitable for diverse diets... | Unspecialized teeth
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| Extended dependency period to allow time to learn complex social interactions... | Low reproductive rate
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| Enhanced memory and coordination; problem-solving abilities and well developed social skills... | Large complex brain
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| Wet-nosed primates... | Strepsirrhines
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| Dry-nosed primates... | Haplorines
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| What is special about the island of Madagascar that makes it a great place to study evolution? | Isolated
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| First primates appeared... | 85 mya
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| Anthropoids diverged from tarsiers... | 50 mya
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| Earliest primate fossils appeared... | 60 mya
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| New world monkeys diverged from old world monkey line... | 35-25 mya
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| Flowering trees provided a new food source as well as new living environments; which most likely spurred the evolution of ____ living... | Arboreal
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| Organelle found in eukaryotic cells containing genetic material and responsible for cellular energy... | Mitochondria
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| First fully modern human group; expressed itself symbolically and artistically... | Cro-Magnon
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| Genus that includes living and extinct humans... | Homo
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| Distinct human species that evolved exclusively in Europe and Asia; larger and more heavily muscled than modern humans... | Neanderthal
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| Modern humans evolved from several dispersed populations of early Homo species at the same time in different areas of the world (convergent evolution)... | Multiregional evolution model
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| Modern humans evolved only once, in Africa, and then migrated to all parts of the world... | Out of Africa hypothesis
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| ___ DNA is inherited only from the mother... | Mitochondrial
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| Evidence suggests they cared for their sick and buried their dead... | H. neanderthalensis
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| More versatile than predecessors; adapted successfully to a variety of environments... | H. erectus
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| First undisputed member of the Homo genus... | H. habilis
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| Nicknamed the "hobbit"... | H. florensiensis
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| Though to have had the first "human nose"... | H. ergaster
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| Limber shoulders and hips made for ease of... | Locomotion
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| Binocular vision led to advanced... | Depth perception
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| Subfamily that includes only humans and human ancestors... | Hominin
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| Order of animals characterized by flexible hands and feet... | Primate
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| Human-like primate... | Anthropoid
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| (T/F) The primate flexible hand might have evolved to catch insects... | T
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| (T/F) Arboreal adaptations allowed primitive primates to escape predators | F
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| (T/F) The earliest primate fossil might have resembled the modern tree shrew | T
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| (T/F) According to the fossil record, strepsirrhines were widespread by about 50 mya | T
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| (T/F) Early anthropoids had small brains | T
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| (T/F) When antrhopoids emerged, may strepsirrhines became extinct | T
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| (T/F) Aegyptopithecus fossils show neither haplorhine nor strepsirfhine features | F
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| Most primates have body types adapted for (hand over hand motion) or... | Brachiation
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| Most homo adaptations were a result to a ___ habitat... | Savanna
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| Small, apelike hominins that lived in Africa between 4.1-1 mya... | Australopithicine
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| A. afarensis was bipedal, but she exhibited apelike traits. What type of evolutionary pattern might account for this...? | Mosaic
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| First undisputed member of the hominin group... | A. africanus
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| Which species made the fossilized footprints which Mary Leakey discovered? | A. afarensis
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| Who found "Lucy?" | Donald Johansen
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| Who found and nicknamed the "Taung baby?" | Raymond Dart
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| The name ___ means "spirit of the night"... | Lemur
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| The earliest fossilized primate is the ____... | Altiatlasius
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| Longer arms than legs, larger brains in comparison with monkeys, barrel-shaped chests, o tails and flexible joints... | Apes
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| Characterized by a relatively long tail which is often prehensile... | New world monkeys
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| African apes live in family groups or small bands and display complex... | Social behaviors
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| Best known and some of the oldest hominoid fossils; had the smallest brain of the hominoid... | Proconsul
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| Monkeys and Apes (also including hominins) | Anthropoid
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