KLS Human Body
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Heart | organ that supplies blood and oxygen to all parts of the body by pumping blood through a series of blood vessels
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| arteries | carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
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| veins | carry unoxygenated blood to the heart
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| capillaries | small blood vessels where the transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the blood to body tissues occurs; where blood goes from the arteries to the veins
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| path blood travels through body | heart to arteries to capillaries to veins to heart to lungs to heart to arteries
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| blood's function | transport nutrients and oxygen to the body and transport wastes to remove from body
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| What is heart made of? | made of muscular walls
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| heart beat | the beat of the heart is produced by its pace maker which makes all of the heart muscles contract and relax in unison
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| ventricular fibrillation | caused when a heart muscle beats out of unison interrupting the beat of the heart and making the hearts beat totally ineffective
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| heart attack | condition where one of the arteries supplying the heart muscle with blood becomes blocked
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| heart disease | disease where a lot of cholestorol in the blood causes clogging of the arteries and reduces blood flow
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| why does heart beat increase | increased activity or stress requires an increase in oxygen which in turn causes the heart beat to increase; remember, cells requiring more oxygen send message to brain which causes an increase in heart beat
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| why do doctors shock heart | to stop the heart so that its pace maker can retake over the beat and return the beat to normal
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| lung's function | absorb oxygen and transfer it to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood
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| how do we breath | the diaphragm contracts and relaxes which causes air to enter into and out of the lungs
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| alveoli | small air sacs in the lungs where oxygen is put into the blood and carbon dioxide is taken out of the blood
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| how does oxygen get to all parts of body | blood
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| kidneys' function | kidneys form urine by forcing blood through filters where excess fluid and small molecules are removed from the blood; the kidneys also make some hormones for the body
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| why are people thirsty | the thirst center in your brain causes you to be thirsty when your fluid level runs low
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| signs of dehydration | getting very thirsty; feeling weak, light-headed and dizzy; your urine becomes very yellow
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| treatment for dehydration | drinking water
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| bladder | stores urine until you need to urinate
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| how does virus enter cell | fools the cell by making it think it is a messenger (protein that works as a messenger)
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| what does virus turn cell into | virus cloning factory that makes copies of viruses
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| body's first line of defense | killer cells that spray poison killing cells but it also destroys healthy cells
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| stem cell | cells that can create cells and replace damaged cells such as when a bone breaks stem cells replace the damged cells in the bone
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| what bones are made of | collagen (a protein) and calcium phosphate
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| how do bones stay strong | osteoclasts break down and remove old and damaged bones; then osteoblasts lay down new bone
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| endorphin | natural pain killer that blocks pain in the body to give person chance to escape danger
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| how do wounds form clot | platelets form a spherical shape and lock together forming a wall, the wound then forms a net of fibrin that contracts and squeezes out fluids and enventually pulls sides of wound together
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| why does a wound swell | fluids build up where there is damage in the body causing swelling
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| liver | body's largest gland; detoxifies blood and creates bile which is used to break down fats
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| stomach | j-shaped pouch responsible for storing and digesting food; when food enters stomach, walls of stomach churn food with powerful acids that kill bacteria and break down proteins; release food into small intestine
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| small intestine | thousands of folds and millions of fingerlike projections called villi increase surface area of small intestine absorbs 90% of water and nutrients body will absorb from digested food
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| large intestine | absorbs last bits of nutrients and water from indigestible foods; compacts(squeezes) and stores remaining matter and eliminates it from body as feces
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| pancreas | long organ positioned behind stomach produces insulin and and enzymes that aid digestion
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| insulin | helps regulate amount of sugar in blood
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| gall bladder | hangs from liver; collects, stores and concentrates bile from liver
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| rectum | feces are stored here briefly before removal; at end of large intestine
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