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KLS Human Body
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Heart | organ that supplies blood and oxygen to all parts of the body by pumping blood through a series of blood vessels |
| arteries | carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body |
| veins | carry unoxygenated blood to the heart |
| capillaries | small blood vessels where the transfer of oxygen and nutrients from the blood to body tissues occurs; where blood goes from the arteries to the veins |
| path blood travels through body | heart to arteries to capillaries to veins to heart to lungs to heart to arteries |
| blood's function | transport nutrients and oxygen to the body and transport wastes to remove from body |
| What is heart made of? | made of muscular walls |
| heart beat | the beat of the heart is produced by its pace maker which makes all of the heart muscles contract and relax in unison |
| ventricular fibrillation | caused when a heart muscle beats out of unison interrupting the beat of the heart and making the hearts beat totally ineffective |
| heart attack | condition where one of the arteries supplying the heart muscle with blood becomes blocked |
| heart disease | disease where a lot of cholestorol in the blood causes clogging of the arteries and reduces blood flow |
| why does heart beat increase | increased activity or stress requires an increase in oxygen which in turn causes the heart beat to increase; remember, cells requiring more oxygen send message to brain which causes an increase in heart beat |
| why do doctors shock heart | to stop the heart so that its pace maker can retake over the beat and return the beat to normal |
| lung's function | absorb oxygen and transfer it to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood |
| how do we breath | the diaphragm contracts and relaxes which causes air to enter into and out of the lungs |
| alveoli | small air sacs in the lungs where oxygen is put into the blood and carbon dioxide is taken out of the blood |
| how does oxygen get to all parts of body | blood |
| kidneys' function | kidneys form urine by forcing blood through filters where excess fluid and small molecules are removed from the blood; the kidneys also make some hormones for the body |
| why are people thirsty | the thirst center in your brain causes you to be thirsty when your fluid level runs low |
| signs of dehydration | getting very thirsty; feeling weak, light-headed and dizzy; your urine becomes very yellow |
| treatment for dehydration | drinking water |
| bladder | stores urine until you need to urinate |
| how does virus enter cell | fools the cell by making it think it is a messenger (protein that works as a messenger) |
| what does virus turn cell into | virus cloning factory that makes copies of viruses |
| body's first line of defense | killer cells that spray poison killing cells but it also destroys healthy cells |
| stem cell | cells that can create cells and replace damaged cells such as when a bone breaks stem cells replace the damged cells in the bone |
| what bones are made of | collagen (a protein) and calcium phosphate |
| how do bones stay strong | osteoclasts break down and remove old and damaged bones; then osteoblasts lay down new bone |
| endorphin | natural pain killer that blocks pain in the body to give person chance to escape danger |
| how do wounds form clot | platelets form a spherical shape and lock together forming a wall, the wound then forms a net of fibrin that contracts and squeezes out fluids and enventually pulls sides of wound together |
| why does a wound swell | fluids build up where there is damage in the body causing swelling |
| liver | body's largest gland; detoxifies blood and creates bile which is used to break down fats |
| stomach | j-shaped pouch responsible for storing and digesting food; when food enters stomach, walls of stomach churn food with powerful acids that kill bacteria and break down proteins; release food into small intestine |
| small intestine | thousands of folds and millions of fingerlike projections called villi increase surface area of small intestine absorbs 90% of water and nutrients body will absorb from digested food |
| large intestine | absorbs last bits of nutrients and water from indigestible foods; compacts(squeezes) and stores remaining matter and eliminates it from body as feces |
| pancreas | long organ positioned behind stomach produces insulin and and enzymes that aid digestion |
| insulin | helps regulate amount of sugar in blood |
| gall bladder | hangs from liver; collects, stores and concentrates bile from liver |
| rectum | feces are stored here briefly before removal; at end of large intestine |
Created by:
coachkls
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