fractures
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What are osteoblasts? | bone forming cells
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| what are osteocytes? | mature bone cells
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| What are osteoclasts? | cells that break down bone
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| What are the two broad classifications of fractures? | Simple: closed (skin intact), Compound: open (direct communication between skin wound and fracture)
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| What are the more detailed classifications of fractures? | Green stick, impact, spiral, and comminuted
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| What are the stages of fracture healing? | Hematoma, granulation tissue, callus formation, ossification, consolidation , remodeling
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| What age groups are at risk for fractures? | Men 15-25 and adults >65
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| What are the most common types of fractures due to MVA? | tibial fractures
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| What types of fractures are the elderly most at risk for? | veterbral, wrist and hip (usually due to falls)
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| What is the main priority for immediate fracture care? | to achieve and maintain proper allignment
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| What are other priorities for a fracture? | immbolize the injury, ice, elevation, frequent assessment
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| What are the nursing cares for fractures? | Decrease pain, prevent infections (ATB) tetanus shot, prevent hazards of immobility, restore function
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| What are the benefits of having a fiberglass or plastic cast? | light weight, can get wet and drys quicker
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| What is the purpose of traction? | to maintain alignment, immobolize, reduce muscle spasms, reduce pain and increase rest
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| What are the complications of fractures? | Infection (osteomylitis, gas gangrene, tetanus) Hemorrhage --> shock, PE, fat embolism, compartment syndrome
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| What types of fractures are more likely to result in a fat embolism? | pelvis, femur and tibia
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| When is a fat embolism most likely to occur? | within 48 hours of injury
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| What are the S/S of compartment syndrome? | pain unrelieved by meds, edema unrelieved by elevation, parathesia, decreased perfusion, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis
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| What is contraindicated in compartment syndrome? | applying ice and elevation
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| What should the nurse anticipate if compartment syndrome is suspected? | Cut off cast, surgery (fasciotomy)
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