Phlebotomy 115 Week 7
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Specimen Labeling | Patient's Name, Patien ID #, Date, Time of Collection, Type of Specimen, Attending Physicians Name
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| Specimen Labeling | Never on the Lid
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| Routine Urinalysis | Determining the status of the kidneys and their function
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| Part 1 of Urinalysis | Physical Analysis
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| Physical Analysis | Color
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| Physical Analysis | Transparency (vs. cloudiness)
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| Physical Analysis | Concentration through specific gravity
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| Specfic Gravity | Concentration or # of particles when compared to deionized water
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| Specific Gravity - deionized water | 1.000
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| Specific Gravity - Normal Urine | 1.005 - 1.030
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| Part 2 of Urinaysis | Chemical Analysis
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| Urine Odor | Normal
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| Foul, pungent odor | Bacterial infection
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| Fruity Odor | Keytones
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| Yellow/straw color | Normal/urochrome
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| Red or brownish or pinkish color | Blood or "hematuria"
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| Brown or Black color | Caused by the acid reacting to hemoglobin or melanin (advanced cases of melanoma)
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| Gold or yellowish-brown color | Suspec bilirubin - usually due to liver damage and/or hepatitis
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| Protein in Urine | Kidney disease
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| Protein in Urine | Prolonged exercise
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| Protein in Urine | Chemical poisoning
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| Protein in Urine | Prolonged Exercies
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| Hemoglobin in Urine | Kidney disease
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| Hemoglobin in Urine | Severe burns
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| Hemoglobin in Urine | Chemical poisoning
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| Bilirubin in Urine | Liver disease
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| Bilirubin in Urine | Obstructive Jaundice
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| Glucose in Urine | Diabetes mellitus
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| Leukocytes in Urine | Infection of the kidney
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| Leukocytes in Urine | Infection of the urinary bladder
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| Leukocytes in the Urine | Infection of the urethra
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| Keytone bodies in the Urine | Diabetes mellitus
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| Keytone bodies in the Urine | Starvation
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| Not a CLIA waved test | Microscopic Analysis
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| Chemical Anlysis | Using a plastic reagent strip, impregnated with chemicals.
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| Chemical Analysis | Tests for hemoglobin, glucose, protein, keytones, WBC's, bilirubin, and PH can be performed
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| Chemical Analysis | Reagent strips can have from 2-10 tests on them, depending on the need
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| Part 3 of Urinalysis | Microscopic analysis
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| Microscopic Analysis | Cellular material such as WBC's, RBC's and casts
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| Microscopic Analysis | Bacteria
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| Microscopic Anlysis | Trichomonas vaginalis (a parasite)
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| Microscopic Analysis | Sperm
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| Microscopic Analysis | Renal and epithelial cells
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| Microscopic Analysis | Various crystals
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| Microscopic Analysis | Yeast
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| Cast | Protein
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| Urine Collection | Random
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| Urine Collection | First Morning
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| Urine Collection | 24 hour
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| Urine Collection | Mid-stream clean catch
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| Urine Transportation | Should be transportated to lab within 1 hour of collection
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| Mid-stream clean catch | Used for Urine C&S
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| Urine C&S | Goes to microbiology
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| 24 hour urine collection | Measures kidney function
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| First Morning | Most concentrated, good for things like pregnancy tests looking for HCG hormone
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Done with a canula from a lumbar puncture
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Meningitis
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Encephalitis
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| CSF - Cereboralspinal Fluid | Total protein
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| CSF - Cereboralspinal Fluid | Glucose
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| CSF - Cereboralspinal Fluid | Cell count
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| CSF - Cereboralspina Fluid | Culture for microbial organisms
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| CSF - Cereboralspinal Fluid | Cryptoccus neoformans (a yeast) and cryptoccan antigens
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Shoul be at room temperature
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Collected in 3 sterile tubes
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Tube 1 goes to chemistry or serology
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| CSF - Cerebrospinal Fluid | Tube 2 goes to Microbology
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| CSF - Cereboralspinal Fluid | Tube goes to Cytology and/or microbology
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| Fecal Specimens | Parasites, also called O&P or ova and parasites
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| Fecal Specimens | Enteric disorders such as salmonella, shigella, and campylobacter pylori
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| Fecal Specimens | Viral disease
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| Fecal Specimens | Colo-rectal cancer (occult blood)
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| Fecal Specimens | Should be transported immediately
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| Fecal Specimens | Specimens should be a room temperature
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| Seminal Fluid | Fertility Analysis
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| Seminal Fluid | Post vacectomy check done at 10 & 14 weeks
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| Seminal Fluid | Should be transported to lab within 30 minutes
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| Pericardial Fluid | Cancers
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| Synovial Fluid | Crystals
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| Pleural Fluid | Cancers
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| Throat Cultures | Must stay moist in transport
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| Throat Cultures | Usually for strep
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| Throat Cultures | Microbiology
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| Wound Cultures | Microbiology
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| Urine Cultures | Microbiology
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| Fecal Cultures | Microbiology
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| Ear or Eye Cultures | Microbiology
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| Skin Scrapings | Microbiology
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| Normal fresh urine | 5.0 to 8.0 pH
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| Protein or Albumin (proteinuria) | Can indicate renal disease or urinary tract infection (also called UT)
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| Glucose (glycosuri or glucosuria) | Presence means the blood levels exceeds the renal threshold and is "spilling" into the urine
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| Keytone (keytonuria) | Indicates that the body is metabolizing fats incompletely and is under severe stress (starvation, fasting, diabetes)
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| Bilirubin | Byproductof hemoglobin breakdown in the liver, presence in the urine indicates liver damage, bile duct obstruction, hemolytic diseace of the newborn, alergic reactions (anaphylatic shock), or hepatitis
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| Blood (hematria) | Can be caused by infection, trauma to the kidneys or other urinary organs, kidney stones causing damage
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| Urobilinogen | This is a degradation podruct of bilirubin. It is elevated in cases of hepatic disease of hemolytic disease
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| Nitrates | Indicates the presence of a "nitrate producing" bacteria - usually Eschericia coli
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| Leukocyte Esterase (White Blood Cells) | Bacterial Infection (UTI)
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