Fluid and Electrolytes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | 135-145 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| show | 3.5-5 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| show | 7-20 mg/dl
🗑
|
||||
| show | 40-50%
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1.002-1.030
🗑
|
||||
| show | 60-110 mg/dl
🗑
|
||||
| show | 275-295
🗑
|
||||
| show | dry mucous membranes, comes later
🗑
|
||||
| show | hypotension
🗑
|
||||
| FVD, temp changes | show 🗑
|
||||
| FVD, respiratory | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | severe, generalized third spacing
🗑
|
||||
| most common site, 3rd spacing | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | hypothalamus
🗑
|
||||
| 2nd spacing | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | fluid in interstitial compartments
🗑
|
||||
| FVD sodium | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | normal to high (is intracellular, if enough cell death --or sodium levels -- could be high)
🗑
|
||||
| show | high (hemoconcentration); in children may be low but not pathologic
🗑
|
||||
| show | normal to high (stress response, >120)
🗑
|
||||
| FVD urine specific gravity | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | >300, more particles ↑ number of particles, concentration
🗑
|
||||
| show | full bounding pulses, hypertension, increased CVP, neck vein distension, CHF
🗑
|
||||
| cerebral edema | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | seen with FVE, Dyspnea, tachypnea, hacking cough, crackles, o2 sat down
🗑
|
||||
| show | weight gain, nonpitting interstitial edema, hepatomegaly/splenomegaly
🗑
|
||||
| show | pulmonary edema
🗑
|
||||
| neck vein distension | show 🗑
|
||||
| goal of Rx for FVE | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | renal failure, heart failure, excess fluid intake (without electrolytes), high corticosteroids, high aldosterone, plain water enema, NG irrigations, excess hypotonic IV fluids, SIADH, inappropriately prepared formula (dilute formula)
🗑
|
||||
| show | excessive hypertonic fluids, binge drinking contest, psych disorders, drowning in fresh water, inappropriate dialysis
🗑
|
||||
| FVE, potassium | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | very low, <125
🗑
|
||||
| show | low (hemodilution)
🗑
|
||||
| show | low, <1.005
🗑
|
||||
| FVE, glucose | show 🗑
|
||||
| decreased sodium and potassium signs | show 🗑
|
||||
| increased sodium and potassium signs | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | releases H+ ions in water
🗑
|
||||
| base | show 🗑
|
||||
| buffers | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | measured as CO2
🗑
|
||||
| show | bicarb: carbonic acid = 20:1
🗑
|
||||
| carbonic acid-bicarb system | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | hard for cells to grow
🗑
|
||||
| >>> Respiratory buffer system, carbonic acid | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | changes in depth/rate of resp alters it: hypoventilation retains CO2/carbonic acid and causes acidosis, hyperventilation loses CO2 and causes alkalosis
🗑
|
||||
| renal buffer system: time and effectiveness | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | primary renal component, can be absobed as needed, combines HCl with ammonia to make ammonium, which is easily excreted by kidneys into urine
🗑
|
||||
| show | regulatory mechanism to return pH to normal level by transforming acids and bases within the body
🗑
|
||||
| show | causes a respiratory compensation
🗑
|
||||
| acute primary respiratory disturbance | show 🗑
|
||||
| complete compensation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | buffers are in the process of working; pH is low but the bicarb is elevating to compensate (or pH is high but CO2 is elevating to compensate)
🗑
|
||||
| show | *negative logarithm of H+ ion concentration in mEq/L (as H+ ion concentration increases, pH decreases)
*normal values 7.35 -7.45 (less is acidotic, more is alkalotic)
🗑
|
||||
| HCO3- (bicarb) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | indicates the amount of bicarb available in the ECF
normal value: +/- 2 mEq/L
🗑
|
||||
| show | *Concentration of anions (HCO3- , Cl-, protein, phosphate, & sulfates) and cations (Na+, K+, MG++, & Ca++)
*10-12 mEq/L normal
*increased in metabolic acidosis (but can be normal)
*calculated by Na - Cl + bicarb
🗑
|
||||
| SaO2 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | amount of oxygen available to bind with hemoglobin, amount of pressure exerted on O2 by plasma
🗑
|
||||
| the lower teh PaO2 pressure, the .... | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | correlate with dramatic drops in oxygen saturation
🗑
|
||||
| PaO2 normal values | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | *partial pressure of CO2
*reflects adequacy of alveolar ventilation, regulated by lungs, alterations indicate resp disturbance
*normal values 35-45 mmHg (less is alkalotic, more is acidotic)
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory alkalosis managment (4) | show 🗑
|
||||
| respiratory alkalosis assessment (7) | show 🗑
|
||||
| respiratory alkalosis CV signs | show 🗑
|
||||
| respiratory alkalosis respiratory signs | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | paresthesia, dizzyness, confusion, tetany, convulsion, numb/tingling, light headed, anxiety/panic, Loss of consciousness, hyperactive reflexes
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory alkalosis causes (4) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | low CO2, pH high >7.45, bicarb normal if no compensation or decreased if compensation, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia
🗑
|
||||
| show | correct cause, CPT, TCDB if able, suction as needed, semi-Fowlers, fluids to thin secretions, low-flow O2 as needed
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory acidosis assessment (8) | show 🗑
|
||||
| respiratory acidosis cardiac signs | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | dyspnea, slow shallow respirations, hypoxia and hypoventilation, cyanosis
🗑
|
||||
| show | HA, seizures, altered LOC, papilledema, twitching/tremors, drowsy --> coma
🗑
|
||||
| respiratory acidosis causes (4) | show 🗑
|
||||
| respiratory acidosis: labs | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | correct cause, restore normal fluid balance, adequate chloride (enhance renal absorption of sodium and excretion of bicarb)
🗑
|
||||
| metabolic alkalosis assessment (6) | show 🗑
|
||||
| metabolic alkalosis GI signs (3) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | dizzy, nervous, tremors, hyperreflexia, paresthesias, irritability, confusion/apathy/stupor, cramps, tetany, seizures
🗑
|
||||
| show | hypoventilation, respiratory failure
🗑
|
||||
| met alkalosis CV signs (5) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | vomiting, NG suctioning, eating bicarb-based antacids, diuretics
🗑
|
||||
| show | increased pH, increased BE, increased bicarb, decreased anion gap (low K and Na)
🗑
|
||||
| met acidosis mgmnt (6) | show 🗑
|
||||
| insulin | show 🗑
|
||||
| alkaline fluids for met acidosis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | VS, ABGs, RR/depth, apical and peripheral pulses, ECG (bc of dramatic K changes), LOC, I&O
🗑
|
||||
| metabolic acidosis CV signs (4) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Kussmaul/deep/rapid respirations, trying to blow off CO2
🗑
|
||||
| show | think of septic patient: drowsy, HA (from cerebral edema), lethargy, coma, confusion/restless, weakness
🗑
|
||||
| metabolic acidosis GI signs (3) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | chronic diarrhea, malnutrition, starvation, renal failure, DKA, trauma, shock, sepsis, fever, salicylate toxicity
🗑
|
||||
| metabolic acidosis: labs | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
hanalin2
Popular Nursing sets