Ch 6 Muscles
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| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility
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| Each skeletal muscle that is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath | Epimysium
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| Threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other | Myofibrils
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| Myofibrils consists of 2 major kinds of protein fibers | Actin myofilaments & Myosin myofilaments
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| The ability to be stretched | Extensibility
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| Capaticity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability
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| Ability to recoil to their original resting lengh after they have been stretched | Elasticity
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| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers | Muscle Twitch
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| where the musce remains contracted without relazing | Tetany
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| Zygomaticus | Smiling muscle
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| Temporalis | Closes Jaw
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| Frontalis | Raises eyebrows
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| Orbicularis Oculi | Blinks and closes eyes
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| Orbicularis oris | Puckers lips
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| Masseter | Closes jaws
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| Buccinator | Flattens the cheeks
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| Depressor Anguli Oris | Frowning
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| Trunk muscles | pectoralis major, Rectus abdominis, external oblique
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| Arm/Shoulder muscles | Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Deltoid
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| Where are the cardiac muscles found | The heart
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| Muscle Functions | Producing movement, maintaining posture, stabilizing joints, generating heat
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| What contracts quickly and fatiques quickly | Fast-twitch fibers
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| What contracts slow | Slow-twitch fibers
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| What is a muscle fiber | A single cylindrical cell containing several nuclei.
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| What are fasicculi (fasicles) | A bundle of nerve or muscle fibers bound together by connective tissue
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| Isometric contraction | Equal distance
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| Isotonic | Equal tension
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| What is muscle tone | Refers to constant tension produced by muscle of the body for long periods of time. keeps head up and back straight.
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| Origin | Attachments of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction
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| Insertion | The movable attachment of a muscle as opposed to its origin
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| Syngerist | Muscles that work together
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| Fascia | Connective tissue located outside the epimysium
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| Prime mover | Muscle whose contractions are primarily responsible for a particular movement
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| What is mastication | "chewing" the process by which food is ground by teeth.
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| Muscles involved in mastication | Masseter, and temporalis
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| Intrinsic tongue muscles | Superior longitudinal muscle, inferior longitudinal muscle, verticalis muscle, transversus muscle
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| Extrinsic tongue muscles | Genioglossus muscle, hyoglossus muscle, stylogossus muscle, palatoglossus muscle
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| What is a sacromere | Actin and myosin myofilamants from highly ordered units
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| Where is the flexor carpii located | Forearm
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| Where is the deltoid located | Shoulder
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| Where is the sartorius located | Thigh
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| Where is the frontalis located | Forehead
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| What does the deltoid do | Abducts the arm
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| What does the sternocleidomastoid do | Flexes neck
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| Where is the sternocleidomastoid located | Sternum and clavicle
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| What is insertion | The end of the muscle attached to the bone undergoing the greatest movement
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| What does the occipito frontalis do | Raises eyebrows
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| 2 types of tongue muscles | Instrinsic and extrinsic
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| Sneering is done by what muscle | Levator labii superioris
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| Needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP
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| Where is ATP produced | Mitochondria
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| Anaerobic respiration | Without oxygen
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| Aerobic respiration | With oxygen
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| 2 types of muscle contractions | isotonic and isometric
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| Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Antagonists
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| Threadlike structure that extends from one end of te fiber to the other | Myofibrils
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| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor neurons
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| a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates | Motor unit
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| Enlarged nerve terminal | Presynaptic terminal
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| Space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell | Synaptic cleft
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| Each presynaptic terminal contains | synaptic vesicles
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| Synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called | Acetylcholine
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| Sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | Sliding filament mechanism
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| A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called | Threshold
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| The between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag phase
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| Time of contraction | Contraction phase
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| Time during which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation phase
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| The increase in number of motor units being activaed is called | Recruitment
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| Origin | Head
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| Some muscles have multiple | Origins or Heads
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| White meat of a chicken breast | Fast-twitch fibers
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| Dark meat of a chicken | Slow-twitch fibers
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| Portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion is the | Belly
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| When ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle fatigue
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| The breif reversal back of the charge is called | Action potential
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Created by:
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