Fluid & electrolyte Med-Srug.
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| Fluid found inside the cells | intracellular fluid
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| Fluid found outside the cell | extracellular fluid
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| ECF is broken down into | intersitial and intravascular fluid
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| positive charge | cation
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| negative charge | anion
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| Na+ range | 136-145
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| K+ range | 3.5-5.5
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| Ca++ range | 8.5-10.5
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| Mg++ range | 1.6-2.6
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| PO4-- range | 3.0-4.5
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| Cl- range | 98-106
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| HCO3- has a ratio of 1 part carbonic acid to hoe many parts of HCO3? | 20
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| Main ICF cation | K+
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| Regulates cell excitability | K+
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| Permeates cell membranes and affects the cells electrical status | K+
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| helps to control ICF osmolality & consequently ICF osmotic pressure | K+
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| A leading ICF cation | Mg++
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| contributes to many enzymatic & metabolic processes, particularly protein synthesis | Mg++
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| modifies nerve impulse transmission & skeletal muscle reponse | Mg++
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| main ICF anion | PO4--
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| promotes energy storage & carbohydrate, protein, & fat metabolism | PO4--
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| acts as a hydrogen buffer | PO4--
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| main ECF cation | Na+
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| helps govern normal ECF osmolality | Na+
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| helps maitain acid base balance | Na+
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| activates nerve and muscle cells | Na+
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| Influences water distribution | Na+
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| main ECF anion | Cl-
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| helps maintain normal ECF osmolality | Cl-
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| affects body pH | Cl-
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| plays a vital role in maintaining acid base balance; combines w/hydrogen ions to produce hydrochloric acid | Cl-
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| a major cation in teeth and bones; found in fairly = concentrations in ICF and ECF | Ca++
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| found in cell membranes, where it helps cells adhere to one another and maintain their shape | Ca++
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| acts as an enzyme activatior with in cells | Ca++
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| aids in coagulation | Ca++
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| affects cell membrane permeability and firing level | Ca++
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| found in both organic and inorganic compounds, is necessary in metabolizing glucose and other chemical compounds into energy | Oxygen
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| found in all organic compounds; necessary for cellular respiration | Carbon
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| involved in pH; component of water; necessary for life | Hydrogen
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| important in proteins, an energy source; and a compoonent of hormones | Nitrogen
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| important in boneandteeth composition; involved in nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. | Calcium
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| found in bones, teeth, the high energy carrying compound adenosine triphosphatase, some protiens, andnucleic acid. | Phosphorus
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| major electrolyte in ICF important in muscle contraction and transmission of nerve impulses; activates enzymes; influences cellulsr osmotic pressure; invovled in kidney function and acidbase balance. | Potassium
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| found in some proteins, nucleic acids, and some vitamins and hormones | Sulfur
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| major electrolye in ECF; important in osmoregulation and acid base balance; necesssary for nerve transmission and muscle contraction | Sodium
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| found in ECF; important in water balance, acid base balance and production of hydrochloric acidin the stomach | chlorine
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| important in muscle and nerve function and bone formation and in some coenzymes | Magnesium
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| important component of vitamin B12 | Cobalt
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| necessary for formation of HgB and for bone development | Copper
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| a cofactor involved with enzymes for fat, cholesteral, and glucose. | Chromium
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| Gives hardness to teeth and bones | Fluorine
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| necessary for synthesis of thyroid hormone | Iodine
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| necessary for transportation of oxygen by HgB | Iron
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| necessary in activating some enzymes | Manganese
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| acts with vit. E as an antioxidant; component of teeth | Selenium
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| found in some enzymes; needed for protein metabolism and carbon dioxide transport | Zinc
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| Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrgen, and carbon make up how much of the total body weight of the elements | 95%
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| Embryo body water | 97%
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| infant body water | 70%-80%
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| child body water | 60%-77%
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| adult body water | 60%
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| Older adult body water | 45%-55%
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| Human life is suspended in a saline solution having a salt concentration of? | 0.9%
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| released by the posterior pituitary gland; acts on the distal tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb water | ADH
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| produced in the adrenal cortex; causes the reabsorption of sodium from the renal tubules, leading to water retention in the ECF, increaseing its volume. | Aldosterone
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| released by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys promotes vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone | Renin
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| oral liquid intake / day | 1300 mL
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| water in food intake / day | 1000 mL
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| water from metabolism intake / day | 300 mL
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| total intake of water / day | 2600 mL
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| urine output / day | 1000-1500 mL
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| stool fluid output / day | 200 mL
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| fluid lost through lungs and skin / day | 400-500 mL and 300-500 mL
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| total output of water | 2600 mL
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