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Fluid & electrolyte
Fluid & electrolyte Med-Srug.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fluid found inside the cells | intracellular fluid |
| Fluid found outside the cell | extracellular fluid |
| ECF is broken down into | intersitial and intravascular fluid |
| positive charge | cation |
| negative charge | anion |
| Na+ range | 136-145 |
| K+ range | 3.5-5.5 |
| Ca++ range | 8.5-10.5 |
| Mg++ range | 1.6-2.6 |
| PO4-- range | 3.0-4.5 |
| Cl- range | 98-106 |
| HCO3- has a ratio of 1 part carbonic acid to hoe many parts of HCO3? | 20 |
| Main ICF cation | K+ |
| Regulates cell excitability | K+ |
| Permeates cell membranes and affects the cells electrical status | K+ |
| helps to control ICF osmolality & consequently ICF osmotic pressure | K+ |
| A leading ICF cation | Mg++ |
| contributes to many enzymatic & metabolic processes, particularly protein synthesis | Mg++ |
| modifies nerve impulse transmission & skeletal muscle reponse | Mg++ |
| main ICF anion | PO4-- |
| promotes energy storage & carbohydrate, protein, & fat metabolism | PO4-- |
| acts as a hydrogen buffer | PO4-- |
| main ECF cation | Na+ |
| helps govern normal ECF osmolality | Na+ |
| helps maitain acid base balance | Na+ |
| activates nerve and muscle cells | Na+ |
| Influences water distribution | Na+ |
| main ECF anion | Cl- |
| helps maintain normal ECF osmolality | Cl- |
| affects body pH | Cl- |
| plays a vital role in maintaining acid base balance; combines w/hydrogen ions to produce hydrochloric acid | Cl- |
| a major cation in teeth and bones; found in fairly = concentrations in ICF and ECF | Ca++ |
| found in cell membranes, where it helps cells adhere to one another and maintain their shape | Ca++ |
| acts as an enzyme activatior with in cells | Ca++ |
| aids in coagulation | Ca++ |
| affects cell membrane permeability and firing level | Ca++ |
| found in both organic and inorganic compounds, is necessary in metabolizing glucose and other chemical compounds into energy | Oxygen |
| found in all organic compounds; necessary for cellular respiration | Carbon |
| involved in pH; component of water; necessary for life | Hydrogen |
| important in proteins, an energy source; and a compoonent of hormones | Nitrogen |
| important in boneandteeth composition; involved in nerve conduction, muscle contraction, and blood clotting. | Calcium |
| found in bones, teeth, the high energy carrying compound adenosine triphosphatase, some protiens, andnucleic acid. | Phosphorus |
| major electrolyte in ICF important in muscle contraction and transmission of nerve impulses; activates enzymes; influences cellulsr osmotic pressure; invovled in kidney function and acidbase balance. | Potassium |
| found in some proteins, nucleic acids, and some vitamins and hormones | Sulfur |
| major electrolye in ECF; important in osmoregulation and acid base balance; necesssary for nerve transmission and muscle contraction | Sodium |
| found in ECF; important in water balance, acid base balance and production of hydrochloric acidin the stomach | chlorine |
| important in muscle and nerve function and bone formation and in some coenzymes | Magnesium |
| important component of vitamin B12 | Cobalt |
| necessary for formation of HgB and for bone development | Copper |
| a cofactor involved with enzymes for fat, cholesteral, and glucose. | Chromium |
| Gives hardness to teeth and bones | Fluorine |
| necessary for synthesis of thyroid hormone | Iodine |
| necessary for transportation of oxygen by HgB | Iron |
| necessary in activating some enzymes | Manganese |
| acts with vit. E as an antioxidant; component of teeth | Selenium |
| found in some enzymes; needed for protein metabolism and carbon dioxide transport | Zinc |
| Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrgen, and carbon make up how much of the total body weight of the elements | 95% |
| Embryo body water | 97% |
| infant body water | 70%-80% |
| child body water | 60%-77% |
| adult body water | 60% |
| Older adult body water | 45%-55% |
| Human life is suspended in a saline solution having a salt concentration of? | 0.9% |
| released by the posterior pituitary gland; acts on the distal tubules of the kidneys to reabsorb water | ADH |
| produced in the adrenal cortex; causes the reabsorption of sodium from the renal tubules, leading to water retention in the ECF, increaseing its volume. | Aldosterone |
| released by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys promotes vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone | Renin |
| oral liquid intake / day | 1300 mL |
| water in food intake / day | 1000 mL |
| water from metabolism intake / day | 300 mL |
| total intake of water / day | 2600 mL |
| urine output / day | 1000-1500 mL |
| stool fluid output / day | 200 mL |
| fluid lost through lungs and skin / day | 400-500 mL and 300-500 mL |
| total output of water | 2600 mL |
Created by:
BLanders
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