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| Biosphere | All parts of Earth inhabited by living things
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| Examples of Organisms | Squirrels, oak trees
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| Basic unit of structure and function in life. | Cell
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| A distinct type of organism | Species
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| Eukarya | Organisms in this domain have cells with a nucleus.
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| The process of keeping internal conditions stable. | Homeostasis
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| A local group of organisms that belong to the same species. | Population
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| Cells in a multicellular organism. | Specialized to perform particular functions.
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| Levels of organization from simple to complex. | Cell, tissue, organ system
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| All parts of the Earth inhabited by living organisms. | Biosphere
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| Largest organizational level. | Biosphere
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| Broadest category of life. | Domain
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| Perform different functions. | Cell specialization allows cells to...
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| Light and temperature are examples of... | Factors to which living things respond.
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| A group of cells, performing a similar function. | Tissue
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| Organ system | Organs that work together in a major body function.
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| You make a suggestion to predict an outcome. | Hypothesis
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| Controlled experiment | Scientist isolate and test a single variable.
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| Observations and questions. | The work of a scientist usually begins with...
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| Hypothesis supported by much experimental data may become a... | Theory
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| Useful hypothesis | can be tested
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| "All living things are made of cells," is an example of... | A theory
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| Biology | study of life.
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| An experiment that tests the effect of a single variable. | Controlled experiment
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| Well-tested explanation of many observations. | Theory
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| Hypothesis | Maybe disproved by a single experiment.
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| Can be modified or discarded. | A theory
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| A model ____________ new observations. | explains; predicts; matches
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| An example of a model. | A map
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| Using genetic engineering is an example. | Technology
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| Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen | Most common elements in living organisms.
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| Chemical combination of two or more elements | Compound
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| Nucleus of an atom | Protons and neutrons
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| Form of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. | Isotope
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| Atoms in a chemical reaction are | rearranged.
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| In the reaction, CO2 + H2O --> H2CO3, Which are the reactants. | CO2 + H2O
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| A molecule of water | two atoms of hydrogen, one atom of oxygen
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| Ice floats | ice is less dense than liquid water
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| Three particles that make up an atom | proton, neutron, eletron
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| Electrons | in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom
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| Atomic number | Equals the number of protons
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| The bond formed by sharing electrons | Covalent bond
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| Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. | Water is the product
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| Water is polar | oxygen side is slightly negative, hydrogen side slightly positive.
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| A substance with pH = 6 | an acid
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| A solution | a uniform mixture of two or more substances
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| Salt is dissolved in water, water is | the solvent
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| Carbon produces a variety of carbon skeletons because | carbon can bond with one or more other carbon atoms
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| Polymers are made of monomers. True or false | True
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| Sugars | main fuel supply for cellular work
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| Monosaccharide | carbohydrate
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| Steroid has a carbon skeleton that has | four fused rings
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| Amino acid is to protein as | simple sugar is to starch
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| The number of bonds that carbon can make | four (4)
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| A substance that accelerates a chemical reaction | Catalyst
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| the energy needed to start a reaction | activation energy
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| The reaction that adds a monomer to a chain | dehydration reaction
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| Disaccharide | a sugar made of two sugar units
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| Polysaccharide examples | starch, glycogen, cellulose
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| Cholesterol | Steroid
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| Amino acids differ in the | side groups
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| Light microscopes magnify objects up to | 1000 times
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| Cell type with a nucleus | eukaryotes
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| Plasma membrane channels are made of | proteins
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| Animal cell in fresh water will burst because osmosis | causes water to move into the cell
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| Molecules will move across the membrane in both directions when | concentration of molecules is the same
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| Organelle that breaks down macromolecules | lysosome
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| The path of a protein in a cell | rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, released from cell
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| The organelle that releases energy from sugars | Mitochondria
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| These structures carry out cell movement | microfilaments
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| "Very few cells reproduce." Part of the cell theory, yes or no? | NO
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| Thin, flexible barrier around the cell | Plasma membrane
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| Organelle in plant cells, not in animal cells | chloroplast
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| This cell structure that contains genetic material. | Nucleus
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| Function of the cell wall | protection and maintaining cell shape
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| Prokaryotic cells | lack a nucleus
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| Regulating which materials enter and leave cell | Function of plasma membrane
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| Diffusion | the net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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| Passive transport of water across a membrane | Osmosis
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| Particle transport that require in put of energy | Active transport
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| Biosphere | all the organisms, land, water, and air on Earth
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| Members of the same species living in a particular area | population
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| The biome with the least amount of precipitation | desert
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| A biome is identified by | the community of organisms, particularly plants
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| The biome with very low temperatures, high winds, and permafrost | tundra
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| Soil type, temperature, water | abiotic factors
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| Sun's energy strikes the Earth's surface at different angles | at different latitudes
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| An example of a microclimate | A forested park within a desert city
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| The main reason Earth has three major climate zones | differences in latitude result in differences in the angle of heating by the sun
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| Biome with cold winters, warm summers and deciduous trees has what kinds of animals? | deer, squirrels, rabbits
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| Which level is largest: community, organisms, ecosystem, population | Ecosystem
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| 150 cacti in per square kilometer | population density
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| Density-dependent limiting factor | disease
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| Niche | an organism's habitat, food sources and factors specific to its life
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| When one organism captures and feeds on another, it is called | predation
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| The relationship between a flower and the insect that pollinates it | mutualism
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| Changes in a community over time | ecological succession
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| Population growth will do what when resources become scarce? | It reaches carrying capacity
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| A condition in the environment that restricts a population's growth | limiting factor
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| This type of population will be least affected by a density-dependent factor. | small, scattered population
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| Fire is an example of which type of limiting factor? | density-independent
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| In the year 2000, the global human population was? | about 6 billion
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| Primary succession starts on bare soil, secondary succession starts on soil. True or False? | True
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| Energy transfer of energy and matter within food web. | trophic level
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| Biomass pyramid | shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level
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| Transpiration | process of plants moving water through their tissues and evaporating it off their leaves.
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| The movement of water from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back again | water cycle
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| The increase in Earth's average temperature from excess carbon dioxide | global warming
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| A snake eats a frog, that ate an insect that fed on a plant. The snake is what level of consumer? | tertiary consumer
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| matter can be recycled through the biosphere because | chemicals can be used again and again
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| Algae holds what position in a food chain | producer
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| The value of biodiversity is in | as natural resources, foods and goods, medicines for people
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| Organisms that break down wastes | decomposers
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| A bird stalks, kills and eats an insect. The bird is | a carnivore and consumer
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| Ozone is depleted by the action of | chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
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| Measurements of a plant's growth | data
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| A logical conclusion based on observations | Inference
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| Habitat destruction threatens | biological diversity
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