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Bio Mid-term 2014
study flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biosphere | All parts of Earth inhabited by living things |
| Examples of Organisms | Squirrels, oak trees |
| Basic unit of structure and function in life. | Cell |
| A distinct type of organism | Species |
| Eukarya | Organisms in this domain have cells with a nucleus. |
| The process of keeping internal conditions stable. | Homeostasis |
| A local group of organisms that belong to the same species. | Population |
| Cells in a multicellular organism. | Specialized to perform particular functions. |
| Levels of organization from simple to complex. | Cell, tissue, organ system |
| All parts of the Earth inhabited by living organisms. | Biosphere |
| Largest organizational level. | Biosphere |
| Broadest category of life. | Domain |
| Perform different functions. | Cell specialization allows cells to... |
| Light and temperature are examples of... | Factors to which living things respond. |
| A group of cells, performing a similar function. | Tissue |
| Organ system | Organs that work together in a major body function. |
| You make a suggestion to predict an outcome. | Hypothesis |
| Controlled experiment | Scientist isolate and test a single variable. |
| Observations and questions. | The work of a scientist usually begins with... |
| Hypothesis supported by much experimental data may become a... | Theory |
| Useful hypothesis | can be tested |
| "All living things are made of cells," is an example of... | A theory |
| Biology | study of life. |
| An experiment that tests the effect of a single variable. | Controlled experiment |
| Well-tested explanation of many observations. | Theory |
| Hypothesis | Maybe disproved by a single experiment. |
| Can be modified or discarded. | A theory |
| A model ____________ new observations. | explains; predicts; matches |
| An example of a model. | A map |
| Using genetic engineering is an example. | Technology |
| Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen | Most common elements in living organisms. |
| Chemical combination of two or more elements | Compound |
| Nucleus of an atom | Protons and neutrons |
| Form of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. | Isotope |
| Atoms in a chemical reaction are | rearranged. |
| In the reaction, CO2 + H2O --> H2CO3, Which are the reactants. | CO2 + H2O |
| A molecule of water | two atoms of hydrogen, one atom of oxygen |
| Ice floats | ice is less dense than liquid water |
| Three particles that make up an atom | proton, neutron, eletron |
| Electrons | in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom |
| Atomic number | Equals the number of protons |
| The bond formed by sharing electrons | Covalent bond |
| Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. | Water is the product |
| Water is polar | oxygen side is slightly negative, hydrogen side slightly positive. |
| A substance with pH = 6 | an acid |
| A solution | a uniform mixture of two or more substances |
| Salt is dissolved in water, water is | the solvent |
| Carbon produces a variety of carbon skeletons because | carbon can bond with one or more other carbon atoms |
| Polymers are made of monomers. True or false | True |
| Sugars | main fuel supply for cellular work |
| Monosaccharide | carbohydrate |
| Steroid has a carbon skeleton that has | four fused rings |
| Amino acid is to protein as | simple sugar is to starch |
| The number of bonds that carbon can make | four (4) |
| A substance that accelerates a chemical reaction | Catalyst |
| the energy needed to start a reaction | activation energy |
| The reaction that adds a monomer to a chain | dehydration reaction |
| Disaccharide | a sugar made of two sugar units |
| Polysaccharide examples | starch, glycogen, cellulose |
| Cholesterol | Steroid |
| Amino acids differ in the | side groups |
| Light microscopes magnify objects up to | 1000 times |
| Cell type with a nucleus | eukaryotes |
| Plasma membrane channels are made of | proteins |
| Animal cell in fresh water will burst because osmosis | causes water to move into the cell |
| Molecules will move across the membrane in both directions when | concentration of molecules is the same |
| Organelle that breaks down macromolecules | lysosome |
| The path of a protein in a cell | rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, released from cell |
| The organelle that releases energy from sugars | Mitochondria |
| These structures carry out cell movement | microfilaments |
| "Very few cells reproduce." Part of the cell theory, yes or no? | NO |
| Thin, flexible barrier around the cell | Plasma membrane |
| Organelle in plant cells, not in animal cells | chloroplast |
| This cell structure that contains genetic material. | Nucleus |
| Function of the cell wall | protection and maintaining cell shape |
| Prokaryotic cells | lack a nucleus |
| Regulating which materials enter and leave cell | Function of plasma membrane |
| Diffusion | the net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| Passive transport of water across a membrane | Osmosis |
| Particle transport that require in put of energy | Active transport |
| Biosphere | all the organisms, land, water, and air on Earth |
| Members of the same species living in a particular area | population |
| The biome with the least amount of precipitation | desert |
| A biome is identified by | the community of organisms, particularly plants |
| The biome with very low temperatures, high winds, and permafrost | tundra |
| Soil type, temperature, water | abiotic factors |
| Sun's energy strikes the Earth's surface at different angles | at different latitudes |
| An example of a microclimate | A forested park within a desert city |
| The main reason Earth has three major climate zones | differences in latitude result in differences in the angle of heating by the sun |
| Biome with cold winters, warm summers and deciduous trees has what kinds of animals? | deer, squirrels, rabbits |
| Which level is largest: community, organisms, ecosystem, population | Ecosystem |
| 150 cacti in per square kilometer | population density |
| Density-dependent limiting factor | disease |
| Niche | an organism's habitat, food sources and factors specific to its life |
| When one organism captures and feeds on another, it is called | predation |
| The relationship between a flower and the insect that pollinates it | mutualism |
| Changes in a community over time | ecological succession |
| Population growth will do what when resources become scarce? | It reaches carrying capacity |
| A condition in the environment that restricts a population's growth | limiting factor |
| This type of population will be least affected by a density-dependent factor. | small, scattered population |
| Fire is an example of which type of limiting factor? | density-independent |
| In the year 2000, the global human population was? | about 6 billion |
| Primary succession starts on bare soil, secondary succession starts on soil. True or False? | True |
| Energy transfer of energy and matter within food web. | trophic level |
| Biomass pyramid | shows the amount of living tissue at each trophic level |
| Transpiration | process of plants moving water through their tissues and evaporating it off their leaves. |
| The movement of water from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back again | water cycle |
| The increase in Earth's average temperature from excess carbon dioxide | global warming |
| A snake eats a frog, that ate an insect that fed on a plant. The snake is what level of consumer? | tertiary consumer |
| matter can be recycled through the biosphere because | chemicals can be used again and again |
| Algae holds what position in a food chain | producer |
| The value of biodiversity is in | as natural resources, foods and goods, medicines for people |
| Organisms that break down wastes | decomposers |
| A bird stalks, kills and eats an insect. The bird is | a carnivore and consumer |
| Ozone is depleted by the action of | chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
| Measurements of a plant's growth | data |
| A logical conclusion based on observations | Inference |
| Habitat destruction threatens | biological diversity |
Created by:
ccarlough
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