earth's interior vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Crust | The thin rocky layer of the earth
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| Mantle | The 280-kilometer thick layer of the earth located below the crust
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| Core | The innermost layer of the earth, located beneath the mantle;
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| Asthenosphere | A weak plastic layer of the mantle situated below the lithosphere; The rock within this zone is easily deformed; it allows the tectonic plates to move due to its plasticity
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| Mesosphere | The layer of the atmosphere immediately above the stratosphere and characterized by decreasing temperatures with height
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| Lithosphere | The rigid outer layer of the earth, including the crust and upper mantle
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| Seismic wave | Waves produced by an earthquake; used to study the earth's interior.
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| S-wave | A seismic wave that shakes particles perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling
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| P-wave | Earthquake wave that pushes and pulls rocks in the direction of the wave; also known as a compression wave.
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| Shadow zone | An area in which an S-wave is not detected due to it not being able to pass through the outter layer
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| Density | less dense toward surface of earth; Mass per unit volume of a substance, usually expressed as grams per cubic centimeter; increases with depth into the earth
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| Pressure | increases from the Earth's surface toward the core; the continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it.
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| Temperature | a measure of the average kinetic energy of individual atoms or molecules in a substance.
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| Convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of heated matter; currents form in mantle when heated material becomes less dense and rises then cools off and falls
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| Plasticity | Asthenosphere is an example of this; due to increased pressure solids are moveable (like plastic)
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| Radiation | The transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves
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| Magnetosphere | the reigon surrounding the earth or another astromical body in which magnetic field is the predominant effective magnetic field.
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| inner core | solid Ni and Fe
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| outer core | liquid Fe & S
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| Earth's magnetic field | caused by spinning of liquid outer core
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| tectonic plate movement | thought to be caused by convection currents in the mantle
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| oceanic crust | igneous rock, 7 km thick, 3 g/cm3 density, younger than continental crust
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| continental crust | granitic rock, 8-75 km thick, 2.7 g/cm3 density, older than oceanic crust
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| seismic wave velocity | speeds up as it enters the mantle, slows down when it reaches the outer core--a liuid (s waves stop and p waves bend), speeds up again as it enters the inner core (due to solid again)
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| asthenosphere | layer that allows the tectonic plates to move
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tboever17
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