Vocabulary for Final ( Basic Nursing 7th Edition) Fall 2012
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| A person's definition and interpretation of symptoms anduse of the health care system | Illness behavior
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| A belief that patients have the authority to be active participants in determining their health and well-being | Holistic behavior
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| Longer than 6 months' duration | Chronic illness
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| A subjective concept of physical appearance | Body image
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| Developmental stage, intellectual background, emotional and spiritual factors | Internal variables
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| Short term and severe | Acute illness
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| Addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors | Health belief model
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| Nationwide health insurance program that provides benefits to individuals older than 65 years of age | Medicare
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| Intergration of best knowledge, clinical expertise, and patient values | Evidence-based
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| Fixed amount of payment for services per enrollee | Capitation
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| Short-term relief for persons providing care to ill, disabled | Respite care
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| Income eligibility for covers below the federal poverty level | Medicaid
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| Patient responses directly related to nursing care | Nursing-sensitive outcomes
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| Administrative control over primary health care services practice for a defined patient population | Managed care
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| Worldwide in scope | Globalization
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| Multidisciplinary treatment plan that patients need for aspecific condition | Critical pathway
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| A program to recognize health care organization that achieve excellence in nursing practice | Magnet status
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| Completed when anything unusual happens that could potentially cause harm to a patient, visitor, or employee | Incident report
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| Any willful attempt or treat to harm another person | Assault
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| A civil wrong or injury for which remedy is in the form of money damages | Tort
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| A crime of a serious nature that usually carries a penalty of imprisonment | Felony
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| Limitation of liability for health care professionals offering assistance at the scene of an acsident | Good Samaritan law
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| Conduct that falls below the standard of care | Negligence
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| Any intentional touching of another person's body without consent | Battery
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| A form of contemporary laws created by elected legislative bodies | Statutory law
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| Documents instructing physicians to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining procedures | Living wills
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| A form of contemporary law created by judicial decision in court when cases are decided | Common law
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| Process of recalling an event to determine its meaning and purpose | Reflection
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| Series of clinical judgments that result in informal or formal diagnoses | Diagnostic reasoning
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| End point of critical thinking that leads to problem resolution | Decision making
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| Inner sensing that something is so | Intuition
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| Process that moves from observable facts from an experience to a reasonable explanation of those facts | Scientific method
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| unintended effect of a medication, diagnostic test, or intervention | Adverse reaction
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| Observations or measurements made by the nurse during assessment | Objective data
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| Comparing data with another source to determine accuracy and relevancy | Validation
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| Multidisciplinary, outcome-based care plan | Critical pathway
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| Clinical judgement about patient responses to health prolems or life processes | Nursing diagnosis
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| Information obtained through the senses | Cue
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| Activities performed in the course of a normal day | ADLs
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| Support for why a specific nursing action is chosen | Scientific rationale
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| Interpretation of cues | Inference
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| Information verbally provided by the patient | Subjective data
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| An oral or written exchange of information between health care providers | Report
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| Information about patients rovided only to appropriate personnel | Confidentiality
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| Permanent written communication with patient's health care management | Record
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| Structured method of documentation with emphasis on the patient's problems | POMR
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| Documentation that requires staff to identify intervntions and allows patients to be compared with one another | Acuity recording
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| Person who initiates interpersonal communication | Sender
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| Information sent or expressed by the sender | Message
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| Means of conveying messages | Channels
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| Person to whom the message is sent | Receiver
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| Indicates whether the meaning of the sender's message was received | Feedback
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| Motivates one person to communicate with another | Referent
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| Shades or interpretations of a word's meaning rather than different definitions | Connotations
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| Tone of the speaker's voice that may affect a message's meaning | Intonation
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| A message within a message that conveys a sender's attitude toward the self and toward the listender | Metacommunication
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| Development of a working, functional relationship by the nurse with the patient, fulfilling the purposes of the nursing process | Therapeutic communication
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| Arise from microorganisms outside the patient | Exogenous infection
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| Cellular response to injury or infection | Inflammation
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| Microorganisms that cause another infection because they are resistant to antibiotics | Suprainfection
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| Infection that developed that was not present at the time of patient admission | Health care-associated infection
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| Methods to reduce or eliminate disease-producing microorganisms | Aseptic technique
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| Microorganisms that do not cause disease but help to maintain health | Flora
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| Process that eliminates all forms of microbial life | Sterilization
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| Disease-producing microorganism | Pathogen
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| Substance formed through the inflammatory process that may ooze from openings in the skin or mucous membranes | Exudate
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| Microorganism that grows but does not cause disease | Colonization
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| Ability of microoganisms to produce diease | Virulence
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| Being more than normally vulnerable to a disease | Susceptibility
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| Alteration of a patient's flora with a resulting overgrowth | Endogenous infection
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| Decrease of systolic and diastolic pressures below normal | Hypotension
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| Another word for fever | Febrile
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| Rate and depth torespirations increase | Hyperventilation
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| Widening of blood vessels | Vasodilation
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| Pulse rate less than 60 beats per minute for an adult | Bradycardia
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| 140/90 mm Hg for two or more readings | Hypertension
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| Rate of breathing abnormally rapid | Tachypnea
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| Decreased body temperature | Hypothermia
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| No resirations for several seconds | Apnea
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| Rate of breathing abnormally slow | Bradypnea
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| Normal breathing | Eupnea
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| Temporary disappearance of sounds between Korotkoff sounds | Auscultatory gap
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| Process of adapting to and adopting a new culture | Acculturation
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| Shared identity related to social and cultural heritage | Ethnicity
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| Tendency to categorize people into particular pattern without further assessment | Stereotyping
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| Attitudes associating negative characteristics to people perceived to be different from oneself | Prejudices
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| Integrated patterns of human behavior, including language, customs, and beliefs | Culture
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| Common biological characteristics shared by a group of people | Race
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| Cognitive stance or perspective about phenomena characteristic of a particular cultural group | Worldview
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| Giving up ethnic identity in favor of the dominant culture | Assimilation
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| Holding one's own way of life as superior to other | Ethnocentrism
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| Distinct discipline focused on the comparative study of cultures to understand similarities | Transcultural nursing
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| Does not believe in the existence of a supreme spiritual being or god | Atheist
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| Cultural or institutional religion | Faith
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| Awareness of one's inner self and a sense of connection to a higher being | Spirituality
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| Belief that ultimate reality in unknown or unknowable | Agnostic
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| having close spiritual relationships with oneself, others, and a god or other spiritual being | Connectedness
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| Development of cognition | Piaget
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| Psychosexual focus | Freud
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| Based on human needs | Maslow
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| Moral development | Kohlberg
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| Psychosocial development | Erikson
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| Set of conscious and unconscious feelings and beliefs about oneself | Self-concept
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| Set of behaviors that have been approved by family, community, and culture as appropriate in particular situations | Role
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| Clear, persistent preference for persons of one sex | Sexual orientation
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| Emotional evluation of self-worth | Self-esteem
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| experiences and attitudes related to appearance and physical abilities | body image
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| sense of femaleness or maleness | sexuality
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| irrational fear of homosexuality | homophobia
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| persistent individuality and sameness of a person over time and in various circumstances | identity
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| increasing flexibility of family's boundaries to include children's independence | family with adolescents
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| accepting parent-offspring separation | unattached young adult
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| accepting shifting of generational roles | family in later life
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| committing to a new system | newly married couple
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| accepting a multitude of exits from and entries into the family system | family with young adults
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| awareness of the position of the body and its parts | proprioception
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| resistance that moving body meets from the surface on which it moves | friction
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| manner or style of walking | gait
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| lying face up | supine
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| lying face down | prone
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| movement of the foot where the toes point upward | dorsiflexion
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| maintenance of optimal body poisition | posture
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| body alignment during walking, turning, lefting or carrying | body mechanics
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| mobility of the joint | range of motion
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| inflammation of the skin characterized by abrupt onset with erythema, pruritus, pain and scaly oozing lesions | contact dermatitis
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| thickened portion of the peidermis, usually flat and painless on the undersurface of the foot or hand | callus
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| inflammation of the tissue surrounding the nail | paronychia
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| scraping or rubbing away of the epidermis, resulting in localized bleeding | abrasion
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| keratosis caused by friction and pressure from shoes, mainly on toes | corn
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| fungating lesion that appears on the sole of the foot | plantar wart
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| loss of hair | alopecia
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| collapse of alveoli, preventing exchange of oxygen | atelectasis
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| tachypnea pattern of breathing associated with metabolitc acidosis | kussmaul respiration
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| need to sit upright to breathe easier | orthopnea
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| collection of air in the pleural space | pneumothorax
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| bloody sputum | hemoptysis
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| inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level | hypoxia
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| amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole | preload
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| collection of blood in the pleural space | hemothorax
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| resistance of ejection of blood from the left ventricle | after load
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| difficulty breathing, sensation of breathlessness | dyspnea
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| cessation of breathing for periods of time during sleep | sleep apnea
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| a decrease in the amount, quality, and consistency of sleep | sleep deprviation
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| awaking at night to urinate | nocturia
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| sudden muscle weakness during intense emotions | cataplexy
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| difficulty falling or staying asleep | insomnia
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| 24-hour day/night cycle | circadian rhythm
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| disorder that produces abnormal behavior or emotions | parasomnia
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| excessive sleepiness during the day | sleep apnea
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| local anesthesia, with minimal sedation, given between the vertebrae | epidural infusion
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| unpleasnat, subjective sensory and emotional experience | pain
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| partial or complete disappearance of symptoms | remission
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| extends from the point of injury to another body area | radiating pain
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| rapid onset, lasts briefly | acute pain
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| localized, sharp sensation resulting from stimulation of the skin | superficial pain
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| increase in the severity of symptoms | exacerbation
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| classiication of medication used from pain relief | analgesic
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| prolonged, varying in intensity | chronic pain
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| diffuse, radiating, and varying in intesnity from dull to sharp | visceral pain
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| increase in blood glucose level | hyperglycemia
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| breakdown of food products into smaller particles | digestion
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| production of more complex chemical substances through the synthesis of nutrients | anabolism
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| all biochemical and physological processes by which the body maintains itselfe | metabolism
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| organic substances in food that are present in small amounts and act as coenzymes in biochemical reactions | vitamins
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| inorganic elements that act as catalysis in biochemical reactions | minerals
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| substances necessary for body functioning | nutrients
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| breakdown of complex body substances into simpler substances | catabolism
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| decrease in blood glucse level | hypoglycemia
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| measurement of size and makeup of body at specific sites | anthropometry
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| accumulation of urine in the bladder because of inability to empty bladder completely | retention
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| painful or difficult urination | dysuria
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| diffuculty in initating urination | hesitancy
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| volume of urine remaining in the bladder after voiding | residual urine
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| feeling the need to void immediately | urgency
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| voiding large amounts of urine | polyuria
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| urination, particularly excessive, at night | nocturia
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| presnece of blood in the urine | hematuria
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| voiding very often | frequency
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| diminished urinary output in relation to fluid intake | oliguria
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| propulsion of food throught eh gastrointestional tract | peristalsis
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| agent used to empty the bowel | cathartic
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| artificial opening in the abdominal wall | stoma
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| dilated rectal veins | hemorrhoids
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| blood in the stool | melena
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| contraction of abdominal muscles, while forcing expiration against a closed airway | Valsalva maneuver
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| characterized by bone resorption | disuse osteoporosis
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| TEMPORARY DECREASE IN BLODO SUPPLY TO AN ORGAN OR TISSUE | ISCHEMIA
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| capacity to maneuver around freely | mobility
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| permanent plantar flexion | footdrop
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| lung inflammation from stasis or pooling of secretions | hypostatic penumonia
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| increased urine excretion | diuresis
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| collapse of alveoli | atelectasis
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| bathing, dressing, eating | activities of daily living
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| calcium stones in teh kidney | renal calculi
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| accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and cellular elements attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein | thrombus
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| locaized collection of blood under the tissues | hematoma
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| separation of wound layers with protrusion of visceral organs | evisceration
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| wound edges come together | approximate
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| superficial loss of dermis | abrasion
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| pressure excerted against the skin when the patient is moved | shearing force
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| general poor health and malnutrition with weakness and emaciation | cachexia
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| removal of devitalized tissue | debridement
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| torn, jagged damage to dermis and epidermis | laceration
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| separation of skin and tissue layers | dehiscence
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| abnormal passage between two body organs or between an organ and the outside of the body | fistula
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