Reproductive System MC Questions
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| Collectively, the functional male and female reproductive cells are called | gametes
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| The reproductive organs that produce gametes and hormones are the | gonads
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| In the male, the important functions of the epididymus are | to monitor and adjust the composition of the tubular fluid, to act as a recycling center for damaged spermatozoa, as the site of physical maturation
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| Beginning inferior to the urinary bladder, sperm travel to the exterior through the urethral regions in the following order | prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, spongy urethra
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| The external genitalia of the male includes the | scrotum and penis
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| The three masses of erectile tissue that comprise the body of the penis are | two cylindrical corpora cavernosa and a slender corpus spongiosum
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| In the process of spermatogenesis, the developmental sequence includes | spermatocytes, spermatogonia, spermatids, and spermatozoa
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| An individual spermatozoon completes its development in the seminiferous tubules and its physical maturation in the epididymus in approximately | 9 weeks
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| In the male, sperm cells, before leaving the body, travel from the testes to the | epididymus -> ductus deferens -> ejaculatory duct -> urethra
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| The accessory organs in the male that secrete into the ejaculatory ducts and the urethra are the | seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and the bulbourethral glands
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| Semen, the volume of fluid called the ejaculate, contains | spermatozoa, seminal fluid, and enzymes
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| The hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus the initiates release of pituitary hormones is | gonadotropin-releasing hormone
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| The hormone that promotes spermatogenesis along the seminiferous tubules is | Luteinizing Hormone
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| The function of the uterus in the female is to | provide mechanical protection and nutritional support to the developing embryo
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| In the female, after leaving the ovaries, the ovum travels in the uterine tubes to the uterus via the | infundibulum -> ampulla -> isthmus -> intramural portion
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| Starting at the superior end, the uterus in the female is divided into | body, isthmus, cervix
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| Ovum transport in the uterine tubes involves a combination of | ciliary movement and peristaltic contractions
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| The outer limits of the vulva are established by the | mons pubis and labia majora
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| The ovarian cycle begins as activated follicles develop into | primary follicles
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| The process of oogenesis produces three nonfunctional polar bodies that eventually disintegrate and | one functional ovum
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| The proper sequence that describes the ovarian cycle involves formation of | primary follicles, secondary follicles, tertiary follicles, ovulation, and formation and destruction of the corpus luteum
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| Under normal circumstances, in a 28-day cycle, ovulation occurs on ________, and the menses begins on __________. | Day 14; Day 1
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| The reproductive functions of the vagina are | as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluids, to receive the penis during coitus, to form the lower portion of the birth canal during childbirth
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| The dominant hormone of the follicular phase is | estradiol
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| The principal hormone of the luteal phase is | progesterone
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| High estrogen levels | stimulate LH secretion, increase pituitary sensitivity to GnRH, increase the GnRH pulse frequency
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| Peristaltic contractions of the ampulla, pushing fluid and spermatozoa into the prostatic urethra are called | emission
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| In the male, erotic thoughts and stimulation of sensory nerves in the genital region lead to an increase in parasympathetic outflow over the pelvic nerves, which in turn leads to | erection of the penis
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| Engorgement of the erectile tissues of the clitoris and increased secretion of the greater vestibular glands involve neural activity that includes | parasympathetic activation
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| Menopause is accompanied by a sharp and sustained rise in the production of _________ while circulating concentrations of ___________ decline | GnRH, FSH, and LH; estrogen and progesterone
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| In the male, between the ages of 50 and 60 circulating ________ levels begin to decline, coupled with increases in circulating levels of __________. | testosterone; FSH and LH
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| The system that controls sexual behavior and sexual function is the | nervous system
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| The part of the endometrium that undergoes cyclical changes in response to sexual hormone levels is the | functional zone
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| In a 28-day cycle, estrogen levels peal at | day 14
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| The rupture of the follicular wall and ovulation are caused by | a sudden surge in LH (luteinizing hormone) concentration
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| The spermatic cord is a structure that includes the | ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
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| The functions of the nurse cells are | maintenance of the blood-testis barrier, support of spermiogenesis, secretion of inhibin and androgen-binding protein
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| The tail of the sperm has the unique distinction of being the | only flagellum in the human body
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| The functions of the prostate gland are to | produce acidic secretions and a compound with antibiotic properties
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| Powerful, rhythmic contractions in the ischiocavernous and bulbocavernous muscles of the pelvic floor result in | ejaculation
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| The process of erection involves complex neural processes that include | increased parasympathetic outflow over the pelvic nerves
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| Impotence, a common male sexual dysfunction, is the | inability to achieve or maintain an erection
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| The ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus are enclosed within an extensive mesentery known as the | broad ligament
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| If fertilization is to occur, the ovum must encounter spermatozoa during the first _________ hours of its passage | 12-24
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| The three pairs of suspensory ligaments that stabilize the position of the uterus and limit its range of movement are the | uterosacral, round, and cardinal
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| The histological composition of the uterine wall consists of the | endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium
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| The hormone that acts to reduce the rate of GnRH and FSH production by the anterior pituitary is | inhibin
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| The three sequential stages of the menstrual cycle are | menses, proliferative phase, follicular phase
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| At the time of ovulation, basal body temperature | increases slightly
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| The seminal vesicles | secrete a fructose-rich fluid
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| A recently marked drug is said to "remind the pituitary" to produce the gonadotropins, FSH, and LH. This drug might be useful as | a fertility drug
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