Dynamic Planet Glaciers
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| ablation area | show 🗑
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| show | depressions in the snow surface caused by the sun or warm, gusty wind.
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| show | mound or layer of moraine in the ablation zone of a glacier; the rock has been plucked from the mountainside by the moving glacier and is melting out on the ice surface.
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| show | period during which glaciers lose more mass than they gain; usually coincides with summer.
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| show | area or zone of a glacier where snow and ice ablation exceed accumulation.
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| accumulation area | show 🗑
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| accumulation season | show 🗑
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| show | area of a glacier where more mass is gained than lost.
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| show | when a mountain glacier's terminus extends farther down valley than before; glacial advance occurs when a glacier flows downvalley faster than the rate of ablation at its terminus.
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| show | a glacier that is confined by surrounding mountain terrain; also called a mountain glacier.
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| arete | show 🗑
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| band ogives | show 🗑
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| show | the sliding of a glacier over bedrock.
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| bergschrund | show 🗑
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| show | glacier that has one or more tributary glaciers that flow into it; distinguished from a simple valley glacier that has only a single tributary glacier.
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| catchment glacier | show 🗑
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| chattermarks | show 🗑
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| show | bowl shape or amphitheater usually sculpted out of the mountain terrain by a cirque glacier.
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| show | glacier that resides in basins or amphitheaters near ridge crests; most cirque glaciers have a characteristic circular shape, with their width as wide or wider than their length.
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| show | glacier in which most of the ice is below the pressure melting point; nonetheless, the glacier's surface may be susceptible to melt due to incoming solar radiation
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| compression flow | show 🗑
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| show | snow metamorphism that adds molecules to sharpen the comers and edges of an ice crystal.
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| crevasse | show 🗑
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| crevasse hoar | show 🗑
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| show | any part of a glacier which has ceased to flow; dead ice is usually covered with moraine.
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| show | a cone-shaped formation of ice that is covered by dirt; a dirt cone is caused by a differential pattern of ablation between the dirt covered surface and bare ice.
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| show | preferred path for meltwater to flow from the surface through a snow cover.
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| drift glacier | show 🗑
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| drumlin | show 🗑
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| show | a mound or layer of moraine formed along the edge of a glacier by rock that falls off the ice; sometimes called a ground moraine.
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| show | an arch-shaped ridge of moraine found near the end of a glacier.
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| show | zone of a glacier in which the amount of precipitation that falls is equal to the amount that melts the following summer.
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| show | a sinuous ridge of sedimentary material (typically gravel or sand) deposited by streams that cut channels under or through the glacier ice.
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| extending flow | show 🗑
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| false ogives | show 🗑
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| fjord | show 🗑
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| foliation | show 🗑
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| show | alternate bands of light and dark on a glacier; usually found below steep narrow icefalls and thought to be the result of different flow and ablation rates between summer and winter.
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| forel stripes | show 🗑
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| geyser | show 🗑
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| show | when a mountain glacier's terminus extends farther downvalley than before; occurs when a glacier flows downvalley faster than the rate of ablation at its terminus.
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| glacial erratic | show 🗑
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| show | grooves or gouges cut into the bedrock by gravel and rocks carried by glacial ice and meltwater; also called glacial striations.
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| glacial retreat | show 🗑
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| show | grooves or gouges cut into the bedrock by gravel and rocks carried by glacial ice and meltwater; also called glacial grooves.
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| glacial till | show 🗑
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| glacial trough | show 🗑
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| show | land covered in the past by any form of glacier is said to be glaciated.
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| show | a mass of ice that originates on land, usually having an area larger than one tenth of a square kilometer; many believe that a glacier must show some type of movement; others believe that a glacier can show evidence of past or present movement.
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| show | a cave of ice, usually underneath a glacier and formed by meltwater; cave entrances are often enlarged near a glacier terminus by warm winds; most common on stagnant portions of glaciers.
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| show | a phenomenon in which strong reflection of the sun on an icy surface causes a glacier to look like it is on fire.
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| show | a sudden outburst of water released by a glacier.
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| show | a fine powder of silt- and clay-sized particles that a glacier creates as its rock-laden ice scrapes over bedrock; usually flushed out in meltwater streams and causes water to look powdery gray; also called rock flour.
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| show | well-bonded ice crystals compacted from snow with a bulk density greater than 860 kilograms per cubic-meter (55 pounds per cubic-foot).
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| glacier mill | show 🗑
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| glacier pothole | show 🗑
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| glacier remainie | show 🗑
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| show | the lowest end of a glacier; also called glacier terminus or toe.
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| show | the bottom of the ice of a glacier.
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| glacier table | show 🗑
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| show | the lowest end of a glacier; also called glacier snout or toe.
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| show | the lowest end of a glacier; also called glacier snout or terminus.
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| glacier trough | show 🗑
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| show | a very small glacier.
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| show | land overlaid at present by a glacier is said to be covered; the alternative term glacierized has not found general favour.
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| show | continuous layer of till near the edge or underneath a steadily retreating glacier.
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| hanging glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a steep cliff, usually the uppermost part of a cirque.
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| horn | show 🗑
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| show | a mass of ice adhering to a mountainside.
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| ice cap | show 🗑
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| show | a cave of ice, usually underneath a glacier and formed by meltwater; cave entrances are often enlarged near a glacier terminus by warm winds; most common on stagnant portions of glaciers.
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| ice covered | show 🗑
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| ice divide | show 🗑
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| show | a shaking of ice caused by crevasse formation or jerky motion.
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| ice sheet | show 🗑
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| ice stream | show 🗑
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| show | a rock glacier that has interstitial ice a meter or so below the surface.
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| show | a rock glacier that has a buried core of ice.
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| icefall | show 🗑
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| hanging valley | show 🗑
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| show | a mass of glacier ice; similar to an ice cap, and usually smaller and lacking a dome-like shape; somewhat controlled by terrain.
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| jokulhlaup | show 🗑
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| show | a ridge-shaped moraine deposited at the side of a glacier and composed of material eroded from the valley walls by the moving glacier.
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| show | a crevasse near the side of a glacier formed as the glacier moves past stationary valley walls; usually oriented about 45 degrees up-glacier from the side wall.
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| medial moraine | show 🗑
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| show | a channel within, underneath, on top of, or near the side of a glacier that drains meltwater out of the glacier; usually kept open by the frictional heating of flowing water that melts the ice walls of the conduit.
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| show | a mound, ridge, or other distinct accumulation of glacial till.
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| moraine shoal | show 🗑
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| moulin | show 🗑
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| mountain glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a geyser; a fountain that develops when water from a conduit is forced up to the surface of a glacier.
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| niche glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a rocky crag or small mountain projecting from and surrounded by a glacier or ice sheet.
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| outburst flood | show 🗑
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| outlet glacier | show 🗑
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| show | large ice lobe spread out over surrounding terrain, associated with the terminus of a large mountain valley glacier.
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| show | a glacier entirely below freezing, except possibly for a thin layer of melt near the surface during summer or near the bed; polar glaciers are found only in polar regions of the globe or at high altitudes.
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| pothole | show 🗑
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| show | moraine built out ahead of an advancing glacier.
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| randkluft | show 🗑
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| reconstituted glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a glacier that is reconstructed or reconstituted out of other glacier material; usually formed by seracs falling from a hanging glacier then re-adhering; also called reconstituted glacier, regenerated glacier, or glacier remainie.
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| show | motion of an object through ice by melting and freezing that is caused by pressure differences; this process allows a glacier to slide past small obstacles on its bed.
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| show | when a mountain glacier's terminus doesn't extend as far downvalley as it previously did; occurs when ablation surpasses accumulation.
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| show | a glacier whose terminus is increasingly retreating upvalley compared to its previous position due to a higher level of ablation compared to accumulation.
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| rock flour | show 🗑
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| show | looks like a mountain glacier and has active flow; usually includes a poorly sorted mess of rocks and fine material; may include: interstitial ice, (“ice-cemented”),a buried core of ice (“ice-cored”), and/or (3) rock debris from avalanching snow and rock.
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| sedimentary ogives | show 🗑
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| serac | show 🗑
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| sintering | show 🗑
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| snowdrift glacier | show 🗑
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| subpolar glacier | show 🗑
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| surging glacier a glacier that experiences a dramatic increase in flow rate, 10 to 100 times faster than its normal rate; usually surge events last less than one year and occur periodically, between 15 and 100 years. | show 🗑
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| show | a small mountain lake or pool.
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| terminus | show 🗑
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| thomson crystal | show 🗑
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| show | mountain glacier that terminates in the ocean.
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| tongue | show 🗑
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| tributary glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a mountain glacier whose flow is confined by valley walls.
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| wave ogives | show 🗑
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| show | glacier ice that has been exposed to sun or warm wind so that the boundaries between ice crystals are partly disintegrated.
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