Dynamic Planet Glaciers
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| ablation area | show 🗑
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| show | depressions in the snow surface caused by the sun or warm, gusty wind.
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| ablation moraine | show 🗑
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| show | period during which glaciers lose more mass than they gain; usually coincides with summer.
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| ablation zone | show 🗑
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| show | area of a glacier where more mass is gained than lost.
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| accumulation season | show 🗑
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| accumulation zone | show 🗑
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| show | when a mountain glacier's terminus extends farther down valley than before; glacial advance occurs when a glacier flows downvalley faster than the rate of ablation at its terminus.
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| show | a glacier that is confined by surrounding mountain terrain; also called a mountain glacier.
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| show | sharp, narrow ridge formed as a result of glacial erosion from both sides.
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| show | alternate bands of light and dark on a glacier; usually found below steep narrow icefalls and thought to be the result of different flow and ablation rates between summer and winter.
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| basal sliding | show 🗑
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| bergschrund | show 🗑
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| show | glacier that has one or more tributary glaciers that flow into it; distinguished from a simple valley glacier that has only a single tributary glacier.
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| catchment glacier | show 🗑
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| show | striations or marks left on the surface of exposed bedrock caused by the advance and retreat of glacier ice.
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| cirque | show 🗑
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| show | glacier that resides in basins or amphitheaters near ridge crests; most cirque glaciers have a characteristic circular shape, with their width as wide or wider than their length.
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| show | glacier in which most of the ice is below the pressure melting point; nonetheless, the glacier's surface may be susceptible to melt due to incoming solar radiation
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| show | flow that occurs when glacier motion is decelerating down-slope.
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| show | snow metamorphism that adds molecules to sharpen the comers and edges of an ice crystal.
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| crevasse | show 🗑
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| crevasse hoar | show 🗑
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| show | any part of a glacier which has ceased to flow; dead ice is usually covered with moraine.
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| dirt cone | show 🗑
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| drain channel | show 🗑
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| drift glacier | show 🗑
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| show | remnant elongated hills formed by historical glacial action; it is not clear exactly how they are formed and why they form only in some glaciated regions.
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| dump moraine | show 🗑
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| end moraine | show 🗑
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| equilibrium zone | show 🗑
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| esker | show 🗑
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| extending flow | show 🗑
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| show | bands of light and dark on a glacier that were formed by rock avalanching.
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| show | glacial troughs that fill with sea water.
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| foliation | show 🗑
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| forbes bands | show 🗑
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| forel stripes | show 🗑
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| show | fountain that develops when water from a conduit is forced up to the surface of a glacier; also called a negative mill.
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| glacial advance | show 🗑
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| glacial erratic | show 🗑
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| show | grooves or gouges cut into the bedrock by gravel and rocks carried by glacial ice and meltwater; also called glacial striations.
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| show | when the position of a mountain glacier's terminus is farther upvalley than before; occurs when a glacier ablates more material at its terminus than it transports into that region.
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| glacial striations | show 🗑
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| show | accumulations of unsorted, unstratified mixtures of clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders; the usual composition of a moraine.
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| show | a large u-shaped valley formed from a v-shaped valley by glacial erosion.
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| glaciated | show 🗑
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| glacier | show 🗑
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| glacier cave | show 🗑
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| glacier fire | show 🗑
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| show | a sudden outburst of water released by a glacier.
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| glacier flour | show 🗑
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| glacier ice | show 🗑
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| show | a nearly vertical channel in ice that is formed by flowing water; usually found after a relatively flat section of glacier in a region of transverse crevasses.
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| glacier pothole | show 🗑
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| show | a glacier that is reconstructed or reconstituted out of other glacier material; usually formed by seracs falling from a hanging glacier, then re-adhering; also called reconstituted, reconstructed or regenerated glacier.
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| show | the lowest end of a glacier; also called glacier terminus or toe.
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| show | the bottom of the ice of a glacier.
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| show | a rock that resides on a pedestal of ice; formed by differential ablation between the rock-covered ice and surrounding bare ice.
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| glacier terminus | show 🗑
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| glacier toe | show 🗑
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| glacier trough | show 🗑
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| glacieret | show 🗑
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| glacierized | show 🗑
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| ground moraine | show 🗑
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| hanging glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a steep cliff, usually the uppermost part of a cirque.
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| show | a peak or pinnacle thinned and eroded by three or more glacial cirques.
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| ice apron | show 🗑
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| ice cap | show 🗑
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| ice cave | show 🗑
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| ice covered | show 🗑
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| ice divide | show 🗑
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| show | a shaking of ice caused by crevasse formation or jerky motion.
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| show | a dome-shaped mass of glacier ice that covers surrounding terrain and is greater than 50,000 square kilometers (12 million acres) (e.g., the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets).
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| ice stream | show 🗑
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| ice-cemented glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a rock glacier that has a buried core of ice.
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| show | part of a glacier with rapid flow and a chaotic crevassed surface; occurs where the glacier bed steepenes or narrows.
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| show | a valley formed by a small glacier that has a valley bottom relatively higher than nearby valleys formed by larger glaciers.
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| icefield | show 🗑
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| show | (1) a large outburst flood that usually occurs when a glacially dammed lake drains catastrophically (2) any catastrophic release of water from a glacier.
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| lateral moraine | show 🗑
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| show | a crevasse near the side of a glacier formed as the glacier moves past stationary valley walls; usually oriented about 45 degrees up-glacier from the side wall.
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| medial moraine | show 🗑
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| show | a channel within, underneath, on top of, or near the side of a glacier that drains meltwater out of the glacier; usually kept open by the frictional heating of flowing water that melts the ice walls of the conduit.
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| show | a mound, ridge, or other distinct accumulation of glacial till.
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| moraine shoal | show 🗑
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| show | a nearly vertical channel in ice that is formed by flowing water; usually found after a relatively flat section of glacier in a region of transverse crevasses; also called a pothole.
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| show | a glacier that is confined by surrounding mountain terrain; also called an alpine glacier.
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| negative mill | show 🗑
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| show | very small glacier that occupies gullies and hollows on north-facing slopes (northern hemisphere); may develop into cirque glacier if conditions are favorable.
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| show | a rocky crag or small mountain projecting from and surrounded by a glacier or ice sheet.
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| show | any catastrophic flooding from a glacier; may originate from trapped water in cavities inside a glacier or at the margins of glaciers or from lakes that are dammed by flowing glaciers.
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| outlet glacier | show 🗑
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| piedmont glacier | show 🗑
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| polar glacier | show 🗑
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| pothole | show 🗑
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| push moraine | show 🗑
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| randkluft | show 🗑
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| reconstituted glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a glacier that is reconstructed or reconstituted out of other glacier material; usually formed by seracs falling from a hanging glacier then re-adhering; also called reconstituted glacier, regenerated glacier, or glacier remainie.
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| regelation | show 🗑
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| regenerated glacier | show 🗑
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| retreat | show 🗑
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| show | a glacier whose terminus is increasingly retreating upvalley compared to its previous position due to a higher level of ablation compared to accumulation.
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| rock flour | show 🗑
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| show | looks like a mountain glacier and has active flow; usually includes a poorly sorted mess of rocks and fine material; may include: interstitial ice, (“ice-cemented”),a buried core of ice (“ice-cored”), and/or (3) rock debris from avalanching snow and rock.
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| sedimentary ogives | show 🗑
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| show | the bonding together of ice crystals.
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| show | a semipermanent mass of firn formed by drifted snow behind obstructions or in the ground; also called a catchment glacier or a drift glacier.
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| splay crevasse a crevasse pattern that forms where ice slowly spreads out sideways; commonly found near a glacier terminus. | show 🗑
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| show | a glacier whose temperature regime is between polar and temperate; usually predominantly below freezing, but could experience extensive summer melt.
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| show | a small mountain lake or pool.
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| show | the lowest end of a glacier, also called the glacier toe or glacier snout.
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| show | a large ice crystal found in deep, stagnant water-filled cavities of a glacier.
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| tidewater glacier | show 🗑
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| show | a projection of the ice edge up to several km in length caused by wind and current; usually forms when a valley glacier moves very quickly into a lake or ocean.
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| tributary glacier | show 🗑
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| valley glacier | show 🗑
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| wave ogives | show 🗑
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| weathered ice | show 🗑
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