Chapter 9 Cellular Reproduction (Biology)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Process in which a membrane allows some substances to pass through while keeping others out. | Selective permeability
🗑
|
||||
| Cells grow until they reach their ___, then they either stop growing or divide. | Size limit
🗑
|
||||
| The ratio of surface area to volume ___ as the cell gets bigger. | Decreases
🗑
|
||||
| In order for the cytoskeleton to be an efficient transportation method, the ___ substances must travel within a cell must be limited | Distances
🗑
|
||||
| The ___ controls the movement of substances because it is selectively permeable. | Plasma membrane
🗑
|
||||
| Cells often remain small to maximize the ability of ___ and motor proteins to transport nutrients and waste products. | Diffusion
🗑
|
||||
| The cell cycle involves ___ stages. | 3
🗑
|
||||
| The need for ___ proteins to move through the cell also limits cell's overall size in order to be able to communicate properly | Signaling
🗑
|
||||
| Cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing called ___ | Cell cycle
🗑
|
||||
| Stage during which the cell grows, carries out cellular functions and replicates it's DNA | Interphase
🗑
|
||||
| Stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide | Mitosis
🗑
|
||||
| Method which a cell's cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell | Cytokinesis
🗑
|
||||
| For most normal, actively dividing animal cells, the cell cycle takes approximately ___ hours | 12-24
🗑
|
||||
| Relaxed material that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division | Chromatin
🗑
|
||||
| From the Greek words meaning "hollow vessel" and "putting in motion" | Cytokinesis
🗑
|
||||
| The cell spends most of the cell cycle in ___ | Interphase
🗑
|
||||
| Period immediately after a cell divides in which it's growing, carrying out normal functioning and preparing to replicate DNA | G1 phase
🗑
|
||||
| Structures that contain the genetic material passed from one generation to the next | Chromosomes
🗑
|
||||
| The period when the cell prepares for the division of it's nucleus after DNA has been replicated. | G2 phase
🗑
|
||||
| Period in which a new copy of DNA has been synthesized | Synthesis phase
🗑
|
||||
| Cytokinesis results in two cells, daughter cells, with ___ nuclei | Identical
🗑
|
||||
| Prokaryotic cells can reproduce in a manner very similar to mitosis, known as ___ | Binary fission
🗑
|
||||
| Sequence of growth and development stages that an organism goes through during it's lifetime | Life cycle
🗑
|
||||
| Chromsomes in ___ are actually sister chromatids that are attached at the centromere | Prophase
🗑
|
||||
| During ___, the nuclear envelope disintegrates and the chromosomes begin to condence | Prophase
🗑
|
||||
| During ___, chromosomes attach to spindle apparatus and align along the equator of the cell | Metaphase
🗑
|
||||
| During ____, microtubules shorten and move chromosomes to opposite poles | Anaphase
🗑
|
||||
| During ____, chromosomes reach the poles, nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes decondense | Telophase
🗑
|
||||
| In plant cells, a ___ forms during cytokinesis | Cell plate
🗑
|
||||
| In animal cells, a ___ forms during cytokinesis | Cleavage furrow
🗑
|
||||
| Structures that contain identical copies of DNA | Sister chromatids
🗑
|
||||
| Protein complex that attaches one sister chromatid to another in the form of a chromosome (X-shaped structure) | Centromere
🗑
|
||||
| In animal cells, the ___ is made of spindle fibers, centrioles and aster fibers | Spindle apparatus
🗑
|
||||
| The arrangement of the chromosomes along the metaphase plate ensure that each daughter cells receives a(n)... | Complete set of DNA
🗑
|
||||
| One of the shortest stages of mitosis, but when completed successfully, ensure that new cells have accurate copies of chromosomes | Metaphase
🗑
|
||||
| At the end of telophase, the spindle apparatus disassembles and some of the microtubules are recycled by the cell to build various parts of the ___ | Cytoskeleton
🗑
|
||||
| Subunit that makes up DNA and RNA molecules | Nucleotide
🗑
|
||||
| The normal cell cycle is regulated by ___ | Cyclin proteins
🗑
|
||||
| ___ molecules made of a cyclin bound to a CDK kick off the cell cycle and drive it through mitosis | Signaling
🗑
|
||||
| ___ monitor the cell cycle for errors and can stop the cycle if an error occurs | Checkpoints
🗑
|
||||
| CDK... | Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
🗑
|
||||
| Different ___ combinations control various activities that take place in the cell cycle | Cyclin/CDK
🗑
|
||||
| If left unchecked, a(n) ___ can grow to the point where it can kill it's host organism | Cancerous tumor
🗑
|
||||
| The ___ monitors for DNA damage and can stop the cycle before entering the S stage of interphase if problems are detected | G1 checkpoint
🗑
|
||||
| Checks for the failure of spindle fibers and if present, can stop the cycle before cytokinesis | Spindle checkpoints
🗑
|
||||
| Uncontrolled growth and division of cells, a failure in regulation | Cancer
🗑
|
||||
| Substances and agents that are known to cause cancer | Carcinogens
🗑
|
||||
| Often times, a ___ change or damage that occurs is repaired by various systems and never gets the chance to cause a problem for the cell/body | Genetic
🗑
|
||||
| Passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | Inheritance
🗑
|
||||
| Government agency that works to make sure that the things you consume are safe | Food and Drug Administration
🗑
|
||||
| ___ help protect people from exposure to cancer-causing chemicals such as asbestos | Industrial laws
🗑
|
||||
| Some ___, such as ultraviolet from the sun, is impossible to avoid completely but precautions can still be taken | Radiation
🗑
|
||||
| Some forms of radiation, such as ___, are used for medical purposes and over-exposure is avoided by heavy lead aprons, etc | X-rays
🗑
|
||||
| To have reached full natural growth or development | Mature
🗑
|
||||
| Programmed cell death | Apoptosis
🗑
|
||||
| Cells that are not locked into becoming one particular type of cell and could very well be the key to curing many medical conditions and genetic defects | Stem cells
🗑
|
||||
| Mass of cells which repeatedly divide just after fertilization... | Embryonic stem cells
🗑
|
||||
| Found in various tissues in the body and might be used to maintain and repair the same kind of tissue in which they are found | Adult stem cells
🗑
|
||||
| Embryonic stem cell research is controversial because of ethical concerns about the ___ of the cells | Source
🗑
|
||||
| Adult stem cell research is not as controversial as ESCs because they can be obtained with the ___ of their donors | Consent
🗑
|
||||
| As a cell's volume increases, the proportional amount of surface area (that which is present to transfer molecules, etc) | Decreases
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
SavannahElkins
Popular Biology sets