Rocks
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| beyond the 3 categories of rock, they can be divided into subcategories based on- | composition and texture
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| The continual process by which new rocks form from old ones is called-. | the rock cycle
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| name some things rocks have been used for in ancient times | weapons, tools, buildings
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| what affects rock deep beneath the surface | pressure and extreme heat
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| igneous rock at the surface that is weathered and worn away is- | sediment
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| sediment that washes down rivers and oceans and is pressed and cemented together is forms- | sedimentary rock
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| when uplifted rocks reach - weathering, erosion, and deposition begin | the earths surface
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| process in which natural forces such as wind or ice break down rock is- | weathering
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| how is texture dertemined | by the shape size and positions of rock
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| where is intrusive igneous rock formed | beneath the earths surface
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| how is intrusive igneous rock formed | by the cooling and solidification of magma
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| define extrusive igneous rock | igneous rock that's formed by volcanic activity close to the surface
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| 3 ways magma can form are | rock is heated, pressure is released,rock changes composition
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| what determines the texture of igneous rock | what the rocks are made of and how fast they cooled
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| what size grains does a slow cooling rock have? | coarse grains
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| when sediments are deposited in layers and compacted what is formed | sedimentary rock
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| the most noticeable feature of a sedimentary rock is its- | strata
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| sedimentary rock that forms when mineral fragments are cemented together is called- | clastic sedimentary rock
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| some limestone is made of tiny - that live in the ocean in huge colonies called- | coral, reefs
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| the process in which sedimentary rock is arranged in layers is called- | stratification
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| ripple marks are- | markings on sedimentary rock that record the wave motion or wind or water
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| the structures that form when fine-grained sediments at the bottom of a shallow body of water are exposed to air are dry out are called- | mud cracks
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| strata is- | each layer of rock
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| an organic rock that forms from the action of heat and pressure on plant material over millions of years is called- | coal
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| which of the following IS an organic sedimentary rock chemical limestone shale fossiliferous limestone conglomerate | fossiliferous limestone
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| which type of rock is formed by this process- when weathering and erosion turn rock into the sediments. then the sediments are deposited into layers and the layers are compacted | sedimentary rock
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| 3 main categories of sedimentary rock | clastic rock,chemical rock, organic rock
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| describe clastic sedimentary rock | made of rock fragments that are cemented together
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| describe chemical sedimentary rock | forms from solutions or dissolved minerals and water that crystallizes and forms the rock
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| describe organic sedimentary rock | made from the remains of oceanic animals. include coral and coal
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| why would raindrop impressions be more likely to be preserved in fine grained rock than in coarse grained rock? | The finer the grains of sediment are, the
more likely delicate structures such as raindrop impressions will be preserved in them.
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| during- rock is heated by nearby magma | contact metamorphism
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| regional metamorphism occurs where? | deep inside earths crust
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| when pressure builds up in rock which is located under other rock formations- occurs | regional metamorphism
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| index minerals only form in what type of rock | metamorphic rock
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| which IS an index mineral calcite quartz staurolite hematite | quartz
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| describe the arrangement of mineral grains in a non foliated rock | mineral grains not aligned, arranged randomly
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| the process in which a mineral changes composition during metamorphism is called- | recrystallization
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| a metamorphic rock with mineral grains in planes or bands is a - | foliated metamorphic rock
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| a change of a shape of a rock causeD by force placed on it is called- | deformation
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| is marble a foliated rock? | no
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| is a foliated of non foliated rock going to be easier to break? and why | foliated rock because you could break along its plates and bands which would be eaiser
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| what is erosion | the process by which wind water ice or gravity transports soil and sediments from one location to another
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| 4 processes that shape the earth's surface | weathering, erosion, deposition, uplift
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| most rocks in earths crust are what type | metamorphic
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| rocks are classified by what | texture and composition
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| when magma solidifies it becomes what | igneous rock
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| a dramatic rise in - can cause rocks to melt | temperature
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| why is pressure released | the release of pressure allows molecules to spread out and transform from a solid rock to a liquid magma
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| when - combine with rock it lowers the melting point of the rock | fluids
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