Somatic Nervous system
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| 3 components of the Afferent division of the nervous system | Receptors, sensory neurons, sensory pathways
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| 3 components of the Efferent division of the nervous system | nuclei, motor tracts, motor neurons
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| Specialized cells that monitor specific conditions | Sensory receptors
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| what is the language of the nervous system | action potentials
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| peripheral afferents in the sensory pathway | nerves
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| ganglion in the sensory pathway | nuclei
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| axons to higher centers in the sensory pathway | tracts
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| higher centers in the somatic motor pathway | motor nuclei
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| efferent axons in the somatic motor pathway | tracts
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| type of nerves serving the somatic motor pathway | peripheral
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| Temperature, pain, proprioception, touch, pressure, vibration | general senses
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| olfaction, vision, gustation, equilibrium, hearing | special senses
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| arriving information of the general senses | sensation
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| conscious awareness of a sensation | Perception
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| area monitored by a single receptive cell | receptive field
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| the reduction in sensitivity to a constant/painless stimulus | adaptation
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| receptors that are always active, slow adapting, remind you of an injury long after the initial damage | tonic receptor
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| receptors that are inactive until a change occurs,fast adapting | phasic receptor
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| receptors that are stimulated extreme temperature changes, mechanical damage, dissolved chemicals from injured cells | nociceptors
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| receptors that are stimulated by temperature sensations, | thermoreceptors
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| receptors that are stimulated by physical distortion, | mechanoreceptors
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| receptors that are stimulated by changes in chemical concentrations | chemoreceptors
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| receptors found in the skin, in joint capsules, periostea and walls of blood vessels | nociceptors
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| receptor that provides info about touch vibration and pressure | Tactile receptors
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| Detects pressure changes in tubes of the body | Baroreceptors
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| type of mechanoreceptor that monitors positions of joints and muscles | Proprioceptors
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| receptors that have small receptive fields, and provide detailed info about the stimulus | Fine touch/ pressure receptors
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| receptors that have large receptive fields, poor localization and provide little information about the stimulus | Crude touch/pressure receptors
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| tactile receptors in epidermis, tonic/small receptive fields, sensitive to touch/pressure | Free nerve ending
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| tactile receptor that uses hair to detect stimulus | Root hair plexus
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| fine touch/pressure receptors in the skin that do not adapt and have small receptive fields | Tactile discs/merkel cells
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| fine touch receptors found in eyelids, lips fingertips, external genatailia, nipples, fine touch/pressure/low freq vibration, adapt within 1 second after contact | Tactile Corpuscles/Meisseners corpuscle
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| Tactile receptor that is sensitive to deep pressure, fast adapting, most sensitive to pulsing/high intensity vibration | Lamellated Corpusles/Pacinian corpuscle
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| tactile corpuscles in the reticular dermis, tonic/little adaptation, sensitive to pressure/distortion of the skin | Ruffini Corpuscles
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| sensory neuron in the dorsal root ganglion/cranial nerve ganglion | First order neuron
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| interneuron in the cns that synapses on the sensory neuron | Second order neuron
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| sensory neuron in the thalamus that synapes on the interneuron in the cns to bring the stimulus to our awareness | Third order neuron
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| nerves that carry general senses from the mouth, palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, to the brain/brainstem | mixed cranial nerves
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| large nucleus in the Medulla oblongata that processes visceral sensory info | Solitary nucleus
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| innervates a single motor unit, inhibits or facilitates lower motor neuron | Upper motor neuron
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| motor neuron in the brain/spinal cord that triggers a contraction in innervated muscle | Lower motor neuron
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| provide background patterns of movement involved in motor activities | Basal nuclei
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| condition caused by lack of oxygen in developing tissues of the cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus, cortex | cerebral palsy
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| defect in upper/lower neuron axons, causing atrophy of skeletal muscle | Amytrophic lateral sclerosis
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| pathway of crude touch/pressure sensations to the brain | Anterior spinothalamic tract
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| pathway of pain/temperature to the brain | Lateral spinothalamic tract
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| pathway of fine touch/vibration/pressure/proprioception to the brain | faciculus gracilis/faciculus cuneatus via the posterior column pathway
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| pathway of propriocetive input from the 3 types of proprioceptorson Right side | Anterior spinocerebellar tract
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| pathway of prorioceptive input from the 3 types of proprioceptors on the Left side | Posterior Spinocerebellar tract
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