Nursing Pharmacology Antibiotics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the prototype drug for Aminoglucosides | gentamicin
🗑
|
||||
| Is gentamicin bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic? | Bacteriocidal
🗑
|
||||
| How do aminoglucosides work? | they inhibit protein synthesis in susceptible gram negative bacteria and disrupt the integrity of the cell membrane
🗑
|
||||
| What are aminoglucosides used for? | serious infections when penicillin is contraindicated
🗑
|
||||
| Are aminoglucosides broad or narrow spectrum antibiotics? | Broad
🗑
|
||||
| What are the other drugs in the aminoglucoside category besides gentamicin? | amikacin
kanamycin
neomycin
streptomycin
tobramycin
🗑
|
||||
| What are the contraindications for aminoglucosides? | -Allergy
-Renal/hepatic disease
-Pre-existing hearing loss
-Active Herpes/Mycobacterial
-Myasthenia gravis
-Parkinsons
-Pregnancy and Lactation
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions with aminoglucosides? | -Diuretics
-Neuromuscular blockers
-IV Acyclovir
🗑
|
||||
| What are the adverse effects of aminoglycosides? | n/v/d
OTOTOXICITY
NEPHROtoxicity
HEPATIC toxicity
CNS: confusion, depression, disorientation
Superinfection
Heart palpitations
Hyper- and hypo- tension
🗑
|
||||
| What should you test for frequently when using aminoglycosides? Why? | Urine function. Depend on kidney for excretion and are toxic to the kidney
🗑
|
||||
| Are Carbapenems broad or narrow spectrum? Gram neg or pos? | Broad.
Both gram neg and pos
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for Carbapenems? | Ertapenem
🗑
|
||||
| Is Ertapenem ok for children? | NO, not recommended for patients under 18
🗑
|
||||
| Are Carbapenems bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? | Bacteriocidal
🗑
|
||||
| How do carbapenems work? | Inhibit cell membrane synthesis, leads to cell death
🗑
|
||||
| What are carbapenems used for? | SERIOUS INFECTIONS
-Intra-abdominal infections
-Connective tissue infections
-Community acquired pneumonia
-GU infections
-Bone and joint infections
-UTI
🗑
|
||||
| What are the other carbapenem drugs besides ertapenem? | Doripenem
Imipenem-cilastin
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major contraindications for carbapenems? | -Allergy to carbapenem or beta-lactums
-Seizure disorders
-Meningitis
-Preg and Lact
-Under 18
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major drug-drug interactions with carbapenems? | Valproic Acid
Ganciclover capsules
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major adverse effects of carbapenems? | n/v/d
NEPHROtoxicity
dizziness
headache
pseudomembranous colitis
rash
pain at injection site
superinfection
🗑
|
||||
| What should you test for frequently when using carbapenems? Why? | Urine function bc depend on kidney for excretion and are toxic to the kidney.
🗑
|
||||
| Which drugs are similar to penicillins in structure and activity? | Cephalosporins
🗑
|
||||
| Are cephalosporins broad or narrow spectrum? Are they gram pos or neg? | Broad. Both
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for cephalosporins? | Cefaclor
🗑
|
||||
| Are cephalosporins bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? How do they work? | Both. They interfere with cell wall synthesis causing lysis.
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major drug-drug interactions with cephalosporins? | Aminoglycosides
Oral Anticoagulants
Alcohol
🗑
|
||||
| What are cephalosporins used for? | Respiratory tract infections
UTI
Skin infection
Otitis media
Typhoid
Anthrax exposure
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major contraindications for cephalosporins? | Allergy
Hepatic/renal impairment
Preg & Lact
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major adverse effects of cephalosporins? | n/v/d
pseudomembranous colitis
Anorexia
Abdominal pain
NEPHROtox
Hepatic dysfunction
Headache
Dizziness
Lethargy
Parasthesias
🗑
|
||||
| What do all the cephalosporin drugs have in common in their name? | Cef or Ceph
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for the floroquinolones? | ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
🗑
|
||||
| Are the floroquinolones broad or narrow spectrum? Are they gram neg or gram pos? How do they work? | Broad.
Gram negative.
Interfere w/DNA enzymes
🗑
|
||||
| What are floroquinolones used for? | Respiratory infections
UTI
Dermatological infections
Ear infection
Eye infection
Bone/joint infections
Prophylactically for:
Anthrax
Typhoid
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major contraindications for fluroquinolones? | Allergy
Preg and Lact.
Renal and Hepatic dysfunction
Seizure disorders
Under 18
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major adverse effects of fluroquinolones? | n/v/d
headache
dizziness
hypotension
Fever
Rash
Photosensitivity
BM suppression
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions with fluroquinolones? | Quinadine (cardiac arrest)
Antacids
NSAIDs
Theophylline (reduce dosage)
*QANT*
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for the penicillins? | Amoxicillin
🗑
|
||||
| Are Penicillin class drugs bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? broad or narrow spectrum? How do they work? | Bacteriocidal.
Broad.
Interfere with cell wall synthesis, high SELECTIVE TOX
🗑
|
||||
| What are penicillin drugs used for? | UTI
Pneumonia
Stretococcal infections
Syphillis
Helicobacter infection
Rat-bite fever
Anthrax exposure
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major contraindications for Penicillins? | Allergy to penicillin or cephalosporins
renal dysfunction
Preg. and Lact.
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions with penicillins? | tetracyclines
IV aminoglucosides
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major side effects of penicillins? | abdominal pain
sore mouth
furry tongue
n/v/d
rash
fever
superinfection
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for sulfonomides? | cotrimoxazole
🗑
|
||||
| What are three other drugs in the sulfonomide class besides cotrimoxazole? | sulfadiazine
sulfasalazine
sulfisoxacole
🗑
|
||||
| Are sulfonomides used for gram pos or neg? How do they work? | Both.
Block folic acid synthesis and nucleic acid production
interfere with cell wall production
🗑
|
||||
| What are sulfonomides used for most commonly? | *UTI
STD
Traveler's diarrhea
Otitis media
Trachoma
🗑
|
||||
| What are the adverse effects of sulfonomides? | n/v/d
NEPHROtox
HEPATA tox
CNS effects
Steven Johnson Syndrome
Rash
Photophobia
Hematuria
Fever/chills
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions with sulfonamides? | Thiazide diuretics
Cyclosporin
Sulfonylureas (antidiabetic drugs, can cause hypoglycemia)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for tetracyclines? | Tetracycline
🗑
|
||||
| What are three other tetracyclines besides the prototype? | demeclocycline
doxycycline
minocycline
🗑
|
||||
| Are teteracyclines broad or narrow spectrum? How do they work? | Broad.
Inhibit protein synthesis
Affects same protein in humans so can be toxic
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most common use for tetracyclines? | Acne
various infections when penicillin is contraindicated
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major contraindications for tetracyclines? | Allergy
Preg. and Lact
Children under 8 years
Fungal, mycobacterial or viral occular infections
hepatic/renal dysfunction
🗑
|
||||
| Major adverse effects of tetracyclines? | N/V/D
BM Suppresion
Photosensitivity
Glossitis
Discolor and inadequate calcification of primary teeth
Superinfections
🗑
|
||||
| What are the majore drug-drug interactions with tetracyclines? | Digoxin
Oral Contraceptives
Methoxyflurane
Penicillin G
*DOMP*
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for the antimycobacterials (anti-TB)? Leprostatic? | Isoniazid
Dapsone
🗑
|
||||
| What are antimycobacterial drugs used for? | Treatment of TB
prophylactic treatment of household members of someone recently diagnosed with TB
🗑
|
||||
| What are the eight other antimycobacterial drugs besides isoniazid? | capreomycin
cycloserine
ethambutol
ethionamide
pyrazinamide
rifampin
rifapentine
streptomycin
🗑
|
||||
| How do antimycobacterial drugs work? | interfere with lipid and nucleic acid synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major contraindications for antimycobacterial drugs? | Allergy
Hepatic/renal dysfunction
Pregnancy
CNS dysfunction
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions for antimycobacterial drugs? | Isoniazid taken with rifampin may cause LIVER toxicity
Oral Contraceptives
🗑
|
||||
| What is Dapsone used for most commonly? | Leprosy
Brown recluse spider bites
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major adverse effects of antimycobacterial drugs? | n/v/d
CNS: hallucinations
Peripheral neuropathy
Hepatitis
BM suppression
Fever
Local irritation at injection site
Gynecomastia
Lupus syndrome
Orange tint to bodily secretions
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most common side effect with rifampin, rifabutin and rifapentine? | Orange tint in bodily secretions
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for Ketolides? | telithromycin
🗑
|
||||
| Are ketolides bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic? how do they work? | bacteriocidal
Bind to bacterial ribosome, alters protein function
🗑
|
||||
| What are ketolides used for? | Only FDA approved drug for community-acquired pneumonia
🗑
|
||||
| What are the contraindications for ketolides? | Allergy
Allergy to MACROLIDES
renal/hepatic impairment
🗑
|
||||
| What are the adverse effects of ketolides? | n/v/d
psuedomembranous colitis
BM suppression
CNS effects
hypotension
cardiac arrest
rash
pain/abscess at injection site
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for macrolides? | erythromycin
🗑
|
||||
| What are three other macrolides besides erythromycin? | azithromycin
clarithromycin
dirithromycin
🗑
|
||||
| are macrolides bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal? How do they work? | Both
Bind to cell membrane, causing change in protein function and cell death
🗑
|
||||
| What are macrolides used for? | Allergy to penicillin
dermatological infections
eye infections
URI
Legionaire's Disease
Syphillis
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamidia
GI infections
UTIs
prophalyxis for endocarditis/valve heart problems before dental work
🗑
|
||||
| What are the contrindications for macrolides? | Allergy
Hepatic dysfunction
occular contraind if viral, fungal or mycobacterial infect. of eye
Renal disease
Preg & lact.
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions with macrolides? | Cycloserine (causes renal tox)
Increased effects:
Digoxin
Oral Anticoagulants
Theophyllines
Carbamezapine
Corticosteroids
🗑
|
||||
| What are the adverse effects of macrolides? | n/v/d
abdominal cramping
pseudomembranous colitis
Neurological/psychological effects
rash
superinfection
liver toxicity
hearing loss
🗑
|
||||
| What is the prototype drug for the monobactam antibiotics? | aztreonam
🗑
|
||||
| are monobactam antibiotics gram pos or gram neg? how does it work? | Gram neg. enterobacteria.
Interferes with cell wall synthesis, causing cell death
🗑
|
||||
| Can maonobactam antibiotics be taken by mouth? | No, parenteral only
🗑
|
||||
| What are the contraindications for monobactam antibiotics? | Allergy
Allergy to penicillin or cephalosporin
Renal/hepatic dysfunction
preg & lact.
🗑
|
||||
| What are the drug-drug interactions for monobactam antibiotics? | Incompatible in solution with:
Nafcillin
Cephradine
Metronidazole
🗑
|
||||
| What are the adverse effects of monobactam antibiotics? | n/v/d
Rash
hypersensitivity
pain at injection site
rash
superinfection
liver toxicity
🗑
|
||||
| What are monobactam antibiotics used for? | UTI
Dermatological infections
Gynocological infections
Lower respiratory infections
Intra-abdominal infections
🗑
|
||||
| Which antibiotics interfere with cell wall synthesis? |
cephalosporins (cefaclor)
Penicillins (amoxicillin)
sulfonamides (cotrimoxazole)
Monobactam (aztreonam)
🗑
|
||||
| Which antibiotics interfere with protein synthesis? | aminoglycosides (gentamycin)
tetracyclines (tetracycline)
lincosamides (clindamycin)
🗑
|
||||
| Which antibiotics interfere with or change protein function? | Ketolides (telithromycin)
macrolides (erythromycin)
🗑
|
||||
| macrolides work by... | interfering with protein synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What does the mnemonic STRIPE stand for? | Anti-TB drugs
streptomycin
rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
🗑
|
||||
| what are the most common side effects of cephalosporins? | GI effects: n/v/d, abdominal pain, flatulence
dermatological effects: rash, itching
🗑
|
||||
| What are two examples of penicillinase resistant penicillins? | oxacillin and nafcillin
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two most common macrolides? | erythromycin and zithromax (Z-pac, good because short dosing time, well compliant)
🗑
|
||||
| What are the most common side effects of macrolides? | GI effects & hepatoxicity
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
SarahTzipporah
Popular Nursing sets