| Question | Answer |
| Keep records for how many years? | 7 |
| Afferent | affects the spinal cord.
goes in dorsal (back part of spinal cord).
sensory |
| Types of Research Evidence | 1. Physiological responses of healthy, uninjured humans to specific interventions.
2. Pathophysiological responses of injured animals specific interventions.
3. Case studies or non-randomized clinical trials.
4. Randonmized clinical trials. |
| Neuromatrix theory of pain | pain tolerance etc. |
| Tract | bundle of axons that carries information as action potentials in one direction. --efferent and afferent |
| Core Goals of Rehab | structural integrity, pain-free joints and muscles, joint flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, muscular speed, motor skill, muscular power, agility, and cardiorespiratory endurance. |
| Classification of Therapeutic Modalities | By physical agent used and by tissue response |
| Five step application procedure | 1. Background information
2. Preapplication parameters
3. Application procedures
4. Postapplication parameters
5. Maintenance |
| Types of Physical Agents | Heat
Cold
Light
Electricity
Exercise |
| Indirect | get rid of source of pain (reduce swelling) |
| Chemical= | endogenous |
| Autonomic motor nerves | involuntarily |
| What is pain? | pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. |
| Nociceptor= | sensory receptor that responds to pain |
| Nociception | ability to feel pain |
| Synapse | junction between two nerves |
| Function of pain | warning for withdrawal, alert system that something is wrong, protects the injured body part. |
| Plan | Course of action that the athletic trainer and the patient will take to treat and rehab the injury; includes both short- and long-term goals. |
| Cryotherapy | Ice pack, immersion, ice massage |
| Absolute contraindications | =contraindications |
| Nerve | transmits information via electrical signals from one part of the body to another. |
| Why keep records? | communication and quality control,
legal considerations,
research,
injury history,
traffic patterns |
| Nerve fiber: cell with four parts | dendrites, cell body, axon, branches |
| Shotgun approach | Patient tx with every possible modality in the hope that one will be effective. |
| Mechanical | Massage, mobilization, US, whirlpool |
| Objective | reproducible info the AT gathers through tests or other evaluative measures. ex. laxity stress tests, ROM. |
| SOAP | Subjective, objective, assessment, plan of treatment. |
| Temporal summation | summation over time |
| Injury record is a | legal document |
| Somatic motor nerves | voluntarily |
| Electrotherapy | Muscle stimulation, TENS, diathermy |
| Neurotransmitters | chemicals that transmit an impulse across a synapse |
| Efferent | exits ventrally. sends the motor response. |
| Direct | deal with pain itself |
| Electrical= | shock |
| C fiber | chronic pain |
| Bradykinin= | chemical mediators |
| Father of modern othro rehab | Ernst Dehne |
| Pain is the number one reason why | individuals seek treatment |
| pain receptors (nociceptors) | are found all over the body |
| Mechanical= | pressure |
| A-delta fiber | acute |
| SAID principle | Specific adaptations to imposed demands |
| Lock and key | neurotransmitters fit into specific receptors in the dendrites like a key fits into a lock. |
| Spacial summation | summation over space |
| Hydrotherapy | Whirlpool, contrast bath, aquatic pool |
| Thermotherapy | Moist heat, dry heat, diathermy, US |
| Central control | central to pain management |
| Subjective | info gathered primarily from questioning the athlete about his or her present condition. |
| Rifle approach | more focused, patient tx with one or two specific modalities, targeted to achieve a particular goal. |
| Relative contraindications | =precautions |
| Critical thinker approach | patient focused, part of overall rehab plan, flexible, adaptable to patient's needs and progress. |
| Cookbook approach | set modalities for certain injuries. |
| Thermal= | radiant heat |
| Therapeutic Purposes | Wound healing
Pain relief
Flexibility and range of motion
Muscular strength
Muscular endurance
Coordination
Power and agility
Cardiorespiratory endurance |
| Assessment | Clinician's professional judgement or impression of the injury |
