| Question | Answer |
| 3 Types of mirror surfaces | -plane
- concave
- front surface |
| Flat mirror, may produce double image | plane |
| Magnifying mirror | concave |
| Mirror with reflecting surface is on front surface of lens
* front surface eliminates "ghost" images | front surface |
| Three parts of a mouth mirror | handle, shank, and working end |
| Mirror diameters vary, what are the different diameters | -5/8 inches
-1 1/4 inches
-1 1/2 inch
-2 inch |
| Mirrors are threaded 2 different ways | -plain stem
-cone socket |
| Handles that are better for hygienist | -thicker handles
-light weight handles |
| Mouth mirror is used for | -indirect vision
-indirect illumination
transillumination
retraction |
| Examples of indirect vision | -distal surface of posterior teeth
-lingual surface of anterior teeth |
| Reflection of light from dental overhead light | indirect illumination |
| Reflection of light through the teeth
Mirror held to reflect light from lingual aspect while facial teeth are examined | Transillumination |
| Name of grasp when holding an instrument | modifies pen grasp |
| Air compressor with tubing attachment to syringe | air source |
| Has angled working end, can be turned for maxillary or mandibular application | air tip |
| Avoid applying air directly into | pocket
* subgingival biofilm may be forced into tissues |
| Determination of accuracy of instrument by measurement of its variation from a standard | calibration |
| Probing depth as measured from the cementoenamel junction, to location of probe tip at coronal level of attached periodontal tissues | clinical attachment level |
| Slender stainless steel instrument with fine flexible, sharp point used for examination of surfaces of teeth to detect irregularities | explorer |
| A vibration perceptible by palpation | fremitus
* determination only on maxillary teeth |
| Instrument used to measure mobility | periodontometer |
| Smooth, slender instrument usually round in diameter with rounded tip designed for examination of teeth and soft tissues | probe |
| Calibrated in millimeter increments to facilitate recordings for comparison with periodic assessments | probe |
| Distance from gingival margin to location of periodontal probe tip at coronal border of attached periodontal tissues | probing depth |
| Pertaining to the touch | tactile |
| Ability to distinguish relative degrees of roughness and smoothness | -tactile discrimination
-a.k.a. tactile sensitivity |
| Two types of probes are | - traditional or standard manual
- automated probes |
| Developed and researched in attempt to overcome problems in obtaining consistent readings with traditional probes | automated probes |
| Probe is used for | -assess periodontal status -sulcus & pocket survey
- determine clinical attachment level - mucogingival exam
5) other gingival determinations 6) guide treatment
7) evaluate success & completeness of treatment
8) evaluation @ maintenance appointm |
| A probe has 3 parts | -handle
-angles shank
working end |
| What exam is used for recording perio probe depths | CPE
-comprehensive periodontal exam |
| Most common probe used is | hu-friedy |
| When probe is at base of sulcus or crevice, at coronal end of junctional epithelium | normal health tissue |
| When probe tip is within the junctional epithelium | gingivitis and early periodontitis |
| When probe tip passes through the junctional epithelium to reach attached connective tissue fibers | advanced periodontitis |
| Depth of probing varies around a tooth | true |
| Gingival margin varies in its position on the tooth | true |
| Proximal surfaces are approached by entering from | both facial and lingual aspects of tooth |
| Gingival and periodontal infections begin in the _______ area more frequently than others | col |
| Probing depth may be deepest directly under contact area because of | crater formation in alveolar bone |
| Anatomic features of tooth surface wall of pocket influence the direction of probing | true |
| During movement of the probe ___________ can be felt & evaluated | calculus and tooth surface irregularities |
| General factors of probing are | accuracy & consistency so readings are dependable for comparison |
| Factors that affect probe determinations are | -severity & extent of perio disease
- probe
- technique applied
- placement problems |
| Anatomic variations would be | -tooth contours
-furcations
-contact areas
-anomalies |
| Interferences would be | -calculus
-irregular margins of restorations
fixed dental protheses |
| Accessibility/Visibility would be | -obstructed by tissue bleeding
-limited opening by patient
macroglossia |
| Probe insertion with healthy or firm fibrotic tissue | insertion is more difficult because of close adaptation of tissue to tooth surface |
| Probe insertion with spongy, soft tissue | gingival margin is loose & flabby because of destruction of underlying gingival fibers. probe inserts readily, bleeding can be expected on gentle probing |
| Hold probe tip flat against | -tooth surface
-probe is parallel with long axis of tooth for vertical insertion |
| Slide probe along tooth surface __________ down to base of sulcus or pocket | vertically |
| Maintain probe in sulcus or pocket of each tooth as probe is moved ___________ | in a walking stroke |
| Measuring is presence of visible recession | measure from cementoenamal junction to attachment |
| Teeth with two roots | bifurcation |
| Exam used to detect adequacy of width of attached gingiva, locate frenal attachments & their proximity to free gingiva, identify promptly the mucogingival junction | mucogingival examination |
| Area where tension pulls free gingiva away from tooth indicates | no attached gingiva |
| General purposes and uses of explorers | -detect texture and character of tooth surfaces
-examine supragingival tooth surfaces
-examine subgingival tooth surfaces
-define extent of instrumentation needed
-evaluate completeness of treatment |
| Working end of explorer is | slender, wirelike, metal tip that is circular in cross section and tapers to fine sharp point |
| Each tooth has ____ readings (areas to be measured) | -6
-3 facial
-3 lingual |
