| Question | Answer |
| Who started modern day Taxonomy? | Linneaus |
| -two part Latin name for every living thing
-describes the organism | Binomial Nomenclature |
| Name three domains | -Archaea
-Eukaryotes
-Prokaryotes |
| Name 5 types of kingdoms | -Animal
-Plants
-Protists
-Fungi
-Monerans |
| Organism that likes conditions of early Earth | Archaea |
| Simple cells that LACK a nucleus | Prokaryotes |
| Complex cells (the cells contain specializes parts and a nuclei) | Eukaryotes |
| Name the features of the kingdom Animal | -multi-celled
-Eukaryotes
-heterotrophs
-sexual reproduction
exceptions: (regeneration and budding); asexual |
| Name the features of the kingdom Plants | -multi-celled
-autotrophs; make food by photosynthesis
-Eukaryotes
-sexual reproduction exceptions vegetative propagation - asexual
-pollen + ova = seed |
| Name the features of the kingdom Protist | -microscopic
-uni-celled with a nuclei
-eukaryotes
-autotrophs and heterotrophs
-reproduce by binary fission |
| Name the features of the kingdom Fungi | -lack chlorophyll, can't do photosynthesis
-heterotrophs - saprobe - obsorbs nutrients from other organisms
-spore -asexual reproductive cell
examples: mushrooms, mold, yeast, penicillin
most are multi-celled |
| Name the features of the kingdom Monerans | -all bacteria
-over 3000 species
-prokaryotes
-have their own domain |
| asexual reproductive cell (example mushrooms) | spore |
| absorbs nutrients from other organisms | saprobe |
| name the classification process in order | domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species |
| can make its own food | autotroph |
| can't make its own food | heterotroph |
| the basic unit of life | cell |
| The structure line | cells-tissues-organs-system-organism |
| coined word "cell" first person to view cells under a microscope | Robert Hooke |
| dead plant cells | cork |
| viewed first living cells under microscope | von lee weanhok |
| The mistaken belief that life can arise from non living sources | spontaneous generation |
| What is the cell theroy | 1. all living things are made of cells
2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things
3. cells can only come from other living things |
| What are the 6 characteristics of life | 1 energy use
2 cellular organization
3 response to surrondings
4 growth and development
5 reproduction
6 common chemicals |
| Two types of cellular organization | single cell or multicelled |
| any change in the environment | stimuli |
| reaction to the change | response |
| get bigger adding more cells and tissues | growth |
| changing and more complex | development |
| 1 parent no sex cells; offspring is exactly like parent genetically | asexual |
| 2 parent 2 sex cells; mixing of DNA results in genetic variety | sexual |
| What are the common chemicals | Carbs, protein, lipids, nucleic acid |
| DNA ; RNA | nucleic acid |
| three types of microscopes | 1 compound light
2 TEM ( transmission electron microscope)
3 super optical |
| Works with light and lenses to enlarge an image | compound light microscope |
| up to 1 million times magnification and created vacuum | Transmission electron microscope |
| works with fiber optics and a computer to create a 3D image | super optical |
| The Needs of living things | 1 living space
2 food
3 H2O
4 homeostasis |
| the need to maintain a stable internal body conditions | homeostasis |
| Controls what goes in/out of the cell ; outer most boundary in animal cell | cell membrane |
| made of cellulose; holds the cells boxy shape.
Unique to plant cell
outer most boundary in plant cell | cell wall |
| unique to plant cell holds chlorophyll; site of photosynthesis | chloroplasts |
| "the brain" controls all of the cells activities | nucleus |
| controls what goes in/out of the nucleus
surrounds nuclei | nuclear membrane |
| all the material outside the nuclear membrane but inside the cell membrane; holds organelles in place | cytoplasm |
| a network of membranes that runs throughout the cytoplasm and transports materials | endoplasmic reticulum (er) |
| tiny smallest organelle; makes protein | ribosome |
| "garbage collector" breaks down dead/ damaged cell parts | lysosomes |
| "power house" makes energy for the cells | mitochondria |
| cell storage; huge in plant cells | vacuole |
| manufacturing area of cell and distributes compounds in cells | Golgi bodies |
| The three people that created the cell theroy | Schleidan; Schwann; virchow |
| the science of classifying living things | taxonomy |
| a book that is taken into the field used to identify organisms in the natural surroundings using a field mark | field guide |
| usually unique characteristic | field mark |
| a list of paired statements with very specific traits that describe the organism. Forces you to make a choice until you identify the organism | taxonomic key |
| the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy | passive transport |
| molecules move high to low concentration without using energy | diffusion |
| the move of molecules from area of high to low concentration across a membrane | osmosis |
| all substances pass thru membrane | permeable |
| nothing gets past- everything gets blocked | impermeable |
| some substances are allowed to pass others are blocked | selectively permeable |
| the movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration that requires the use of energy | active transport |
| The process that plants use to make food
uses light energy to make chemical energy
chlorophyll traps sunlight
the build up of glucose | photosynthesis |
| Chemical equation for photosynthesis | CO2 + H2O sun C6H12O6+O2 uparrow
chlorophyll (arrow) |
| C6H12O6 | glucose |
| the process where glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen | cellular respiration |
| Chemical equation for Respiration | C6H12O6+O2 arrow H2O +CO2+ATP |
| ATP | energy |
