The network made up of the company, suppliers, distributors, and ultimately customers who “partner” with each other to improve the performance of the entire system.
Exclusive distribution
Giving a limited number of dealers the exclusive right to distribute the company’s products in their territories
Selective distribution
KitchenAid, Maytag, Whirlpool, and General Electric will not sell their products through every retailer who is willing to carry their product. Instead, they use dealer networks and a few large retailers.
Intermodal transportation
piggyback shipping, using both rails and trucks to ship products, is cheaper than straight trucking, but more flexible than just using trains.
Indirect marketing channel
On campus classes requires people to maintain buildings and coordinate room and teaching schedules. These intermediaries perform work to bring the product (class) to the student
Third-party logistics (3PL) provider
An independent logistics provider that performs any or all of the functions required to get its client’s product to market
Corporate VMS
A vertical marketing system that combines successive stages of production and distribution under single ownership—channel leadership is established through common ownership
Conventional distribution channel
A channel consisting of one or more independent producers, wholesalers, and retailers, each a separate business seeking to maximize its own profits even at the expense of profits for the system as a whole
Corporate VMS
Kroger the factories that produce and the stores that sell many of its products
Horizontal marketing system
A channel arrangement in which two or more companies at one level join together to follow a new marketing opportunity
