Question | Answer |
cell membrane | The membrane that surrounds all the cytoplasm of a cell. |
selectively permeable | Allowing only certain molecules to pass through. |
passive transport | The passage of substances across a membrane without the use of cellular energy. |
diffusion | The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; a form of passive transport. |
osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
active transport | The passage of particles through a membrane, requiring the use of cellular energy. |
cell wall | A rigid structure manufactured by certain organisms and secreted to the exterior of the cell membrane; plants, fungi, and bacteria have cell walls. |
organelle | The parts of a cell that perform many of the functions needed to keep the cell alive. |
mitochondria | The cellular organelles in which aerobic respiration occurs to release usable energy from food. |
endoplasmic reticulum | A cellular organelle consisting of a network of membranes; enables substances to be transported throughout the cell. |
ribosome | A cellular organelle that directs the assembling of proteins. |
Golgi apparatus | A cellular organelle that collects chemicals from the cytoplasm, processes them, and secretes them. |
vacuole | A membrane-bound sac that contains various substances, including water and wastes, within a cell. |
lysosome | An organelle that contains digestive enzymes. |
chloroplast | A cellular organelle that contains chlorophyll and other pigments; the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs. |
cilia | Short hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement. |
flagella | Long hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement. |
nucleus | The cellular organelle that contains the chromosomes; control center of the cell. |
chromosome | A strand of DNA with associated proteins; usually found in the nucleus of a cell; the basis of heredity. |