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BJU Life Science 4

Bob Jones Life Science - Chapter 4

QuestionAnswer
cell membrane The membrane that surrounds all the cytoplasm of a cell.
selectively permeable Allowing only certain molecules to pass through.
passive transport The passage of substances across a membrane without the use of cellular energy.
diffusion The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; a form of passive transport.
osmosis The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
active transport The passage of particles through a membrane, requiring the use of cellular energy.
cell wall A rigid structure manufactured by certain organisms and secreted to the exterior of the cell membrane; plants, fungi, and bacteria have cell walls.
organelle The parts of a cell that perform many of the functions needed to keep the cell alive.
mitochondria The cellular organelles in which aerobic respiration occurs to release usable energy from food.
endoplasmic reticulum A cellular organelle consisting of a network of membranes; enables substances to be transported throughout the cell.
ribosome A cellular organelle that directs the assembling of proteins.
Golgi apparatus A cellular organelle that collects chemicals from the cytoplasm, processes them, and secretes them.
vacuole A membrane-bound sac that contains various substances, including water and wastes, within a cell.
lysosome An organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
chloroplast A cellular organelle that contains chlorophyll and other pigments; the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs.
cilia Short hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement.
flagella Long hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement.
nucleus The cellular organelle that contains the chromosomes; control center of the cell.
chromosome A strand of DNA with associated proteins; usually found in the nucleus of a cell; the basis of heredity.
Created by: marchscience
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