Question | Answer |
"Meta" means ______ "Morphosis" means ____ | change, form |
Metamorphic rock is created when | sedimentary or igneous rock is put through extreme heat and pressure. |
2 types of metamorphic rocks: | Foliated(grains are in parallel layers or bands) and non-foliated (grains are arranged randomly) |
Examples of foliated metamorphic rock are | slate schist gneiss |
Example of non-foliated metamorphic rock is | quartzite |
uses of metamorphic rock are | chalkboards,building materials, sculptures/statues, countertops, tile |
The heat that changes rock into metamorphic rock comes from | rock being close to the mantle |
The cooling of magma or lava forms | igneous rocks |
Sedimentary rocks take millions of years to create. Sedimentary rocks are formed through the process of the | erosion of sediment, the deposition of sediment,compaction and cementation. |
Obsidian is a type of igneous rock that is fast cooling and cools on the surface. It is an _________ rock. | Extrusive |
Granite is a type of rock that is slow cooling and cools in the ground. It is an _________ rock. | Intrusive |
Small, solid pieces of materials that come from rocks or living things | sediment |
The process in which sediment settles together | compaction |
The process when sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it | deposition |
Where rock breaks down and is carried away by water, wind, or ice | erosion |
the process where dissolved minerals crystallize and harden | cementation |
Clastic Organic and Chemical are | 3 types of sedimentary rocks |
this type of sedimentary rock forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize.Example is rock salt- made of halite, which forms by evaporation. | Chemical |
This type of sedimentary rock forms where the plants and animals are deposited in thick layers. Example is limestone. | Organic |
This type of sedimentary rock forms when rock fragments are squeezed together. Examples are shale and sandstone. | Clastic |
The name igneous comes from the Latin word meaning | fire |
Rocks are made up of | minerals |
Difference between a rock and a mineral? | mineral is a naturally occuring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a deffinite chemical composition. |
Some minerals are made of ____ _______ (for example: gold) while othes are made of a combination of ___ or more. | 1. one element. 2. two |
Quartz is made up of | silicon and argon |
Quartz is | the most common mineral |
Just like minerals, rocks can be classified by their | observable features. |
Their are ____ ways | three |
Color | not the best way, doesn't provide enough info. |
Mineral composition | being able to identify what minerals are in the rock sampple, scientists call these minerals rock-forming minerals |
Texture | the look and feel of the rock's surace |
3 ways to describe texture: | size, shape, and pattern |
Using color, mineral composition, and texture we can divide rocks into three categories | Igneous, Sedimentary,and Metamorphic |
Igneous rock is | a durable building material |
Examples of things built with igneous rock include: | granite statues, fortresses, building bridges, and paving streets. |
Sedimentary rock is used for | building materials and tools |
Examples of uses of sedimentary rock: | arrowheads made of flint, white house made of sandstone, limestone used in making cement and steel |
grains | the particles of minerals that give a rock its texture |
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