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Rocks and Minerals
study guide for rocks and minerals test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "Meta" means ______ "Morphosis" means ____ | change, form |
| Metamorphic rock is created when | sedimentary or igneous rock is put through extreme heat and pressure. |
| 2 types of metamorphic rocks: | Foliated(grains are in parallel layers or bands) and non-foliated (grains are arranged randomly) |
| Examples of foliated metamorphic rock are | slate schist gneiss |
| Example of non-foliated metamorphic rock is | quartzite |
| uses of metamorphic rock are | chalkboards,building materials, sculptures/statues, countertops, tile |
| The heat that changes rock into metamorphic rock comes from | rock being close to the mantle |
| The cooling of magma or lava forms | igneous rocks |
| Sedimentary rocks take millions of years to create. Sedimentary rocks are formed through the process of the | erosion of sediment, the deposition of sediment,compaction and cementation. |
| Obsidian is a type of igneous rock that is fast cooling and cools on the surface. It is an _________ rock. | Extrusive |
| Granite is a type of rock that is slow cooling and cools in the ground. It is an _________ rock. | Intrusive |
| Small, solid pieces of materials that come from rocks or living things | sediment |
| The process in which sediment settles together | compaction |
| The process when sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it | deposition |
| Where rock breaks down and is carried away by water, wind, or ice | erosion |
| the process where dissolved minerals crystallize and harden | cementation |
| Clastic Organic and Chemical are | 3 types of sedimentary rocks |
| this type of sedimentary rock forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize.Example is rock salt- made of halite, which forms by evaporation. | Chemical |
| This type of sedimentary rock forms where the plants and animals are deposited in thick layers. Example is limestone. | Organic |
| This type of sedimentary rock forms when rock fragments are squeezed together. Examples are shale and sandstone. | Clastic |
| The name igneous comes from the Latin word meaning | fire |
| Rocks are made up of | minerals |
| Difference between a rock and a mineral? | mineral is a naturally occuring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a deffinite chemical composition. |
| Some minerals are made of ____ _______ (for example: gold) while othes are made of a combination of ___ or more. | 1. one element. 2. two |
| Quartz is made up of | silicon and argon |
| Quartz is | the most common mineral |
| Just like minerals, rocks can be classified by their | observable features. |
| Their are ____ ways | three |
| Color | not the best way, doesn't provide enough info. |
| Mineral composition | being able to identify what minerals are in the rock sampple, scientists call these minerals rock-forming minerals |
| Texture | the look and feel of the rock's surace |
| 3 ways to describe texture: | size, shape, and pattern |
| Using color, mineral composition, and texture we can divide rocks into three categories | Igneous, Sedimentary,and Metamorphic |
| Igneous rock is | a durable building material |
| Examples of things built with igneous rock include: | granite statues, fortresses, building bridges, and paving streets. |
| Sedimentary rock is used for | building materials and tools |
| Examples of uses of sedimentary rock: | arrowheads made of flint, white house made of sandstone, limestone used in making cement and steel |
| grains | the particles of minerals that give a rock its texture |
Created by:
dingotiger
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