Question | Answer |
main cause of glomerulonephritis? | strep bacteria |
how is fluid replacement determined? | 24 hour fluid loss + 500 cc |
With all kidney issues except ________, protein needs to be decreased in the diet. | nephrotic syndrome |
the main cause of nephrotic syndrome is | inflammation |
another name for total body edema is | anasarca |
A person with nephrotic syndrome needs anticoagulant therapy for ______ | 6 months |
What two drugs are given through an IV to help with the fluid problems associated with nephrotic syndrome? | lasix and albumin |
pre-renal failure is when ______ | blood can't get to the kidney |
intra-renal failure is when ____ | damage has occurred inside the kidney |
post-renal failure is when _____ | urine can't get out of the kidney. |
To help dx renal failure what should be performed? | fluid challenge |
if the patient is given a fluid challenge, and they are in renal failure, what will their urine specific gravity do? | won't change |
When a patient is in renal failure, why would they develop anemia?? | lack of erythropoietin |
Why would the patient with renal failure develop osteoporosis? | they retain phosphorus, which lowers the Ca level in the blood, and therefore causes the body to draw Ca from the bones. |
The two phases of acute renal failure are ________. | oliguric phase and the diuretic phase |
During the Oliguric phase: UO is ______; UO of ______ to _____ in 24 hours; K will be ______. | decreased; 100-400ml; increased |
In hemodialysis, the filter is ____ | a machine |
If the patient is undergoing hemodialysis, they need _______ | vascular access |
During dialysis, ____ needles are inserted into the vascular access. | two |
the ____ end of the access will remove the blood and the return is through the low pressure _____ access. | arterial; venous |
If a patient has vascular access for dialysis, what are the nursing considerations? | no BPs, no needle sticks, and no constriction on that arm. |
When assessing vascular access, you should hear a ______ and feel a ______. | bruit; thrill |
In peritoneal dialysis, _____ serves as the filter. | peritoneal membrane |
What temperature should the fluid that is used for peritoneal dialysis be? | warm |
What should the drainage from a peritoneal dialysis look like? | clear, straw-colored. |
What should the nurse do if all the fluid instilled during peritoneal dialysis doesn't return? | turn the patient from side to side. |
Which type of patients shouldn't use CAPD (continous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis)? | those with disc disease, arthritis, or those with a colostomy |
Which type of dialysis is used at night? | CCPD (continuous cycle peritoneal dialysis). |
What is the number one complication associated w/peritoneal dialysis? | peritonitis |
Why would a person with peritoneal dialysis complain of a constant sweet taste in their mouth? | because the fluid used for dialysis is full of glucose to make it more hypertonic |
A patient on peritoneal dialysis should increase _____ and _____ in their diet? | protein and fiber |
A patient with a kidney stone may have _____ and _____ in their urine. | WBC and RBC |