Question | Answer |
What is DNA? | Contains info that helps an organism develop and function. |
What does DNA stand for? | deoxyribonucleic acid. |
What are genes? | Segments of DNA that carry info for certain traits. |
How many polymers are DNA composed of? | 2 |
What is the backbone of DNA called? | Double helix |
What is the backbone consist of? | sugars and phosphate groups, which are bonded together |
What are the four nitrogen bases? | 1.Adenine.
2.Cytosine.
3.Guanine
4.Thymine |
How many bases make up a codon? | Three |
What happens in DNA replication? | The DNA strands are pulled apart and replicated to form two new DNA strands |
Are the two new strands identical after it is replicated? | Yes. |
What is initiation? | The act or an instance of initiating |
What is Elongation? | Something that elongates; an extension. |
What is termination? | A result; an outcome |
What is transcription? | The process by which messenger RNA is synthesized from a DNA template resulting in the transfer of genetic information from the DNA molecule to the messenger RNA |
What is translation? | The process by which messenger RNA directs the amino acid sequence of a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis. |
What is gene expression? | The transcription, translation, and phenotypic manifestation of a gene. |
What is Ribonucleic acid (RNA)? | A natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in gene expression |
What is Uracil? | One of the four bases that combines with sugar and phosphate to form a nucleotide subunit of RNA |
What is a mutation? | A change of a gene |
What is the sequence of gene expression? | DNA--> Transcription--> RNA--> Translation--> Protein. |
What is base pairing? | Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. |
What is DNA polymerase? | Principle enzyme involved in DNA |
What is telomeres?
What are telomeres? | At the tips of chromosomes. |
What is replication? | When DNA copies itself. |