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molecular genetics.

QuestionAnswer
What is DNA? Contains info that helps an organism develop and function.
What does DNA stand for? deoxyribonucleic acid.
What are genes? Segments of DNA that carry info for certain traits.
How many polymers are DNA composed of? 2
What is the backbone of DNA called? Double helix
What is the backbone consist of? sugars and phosphate groups, which are bonded together
What are the four nitrogen bases? 1.Adenine. 2.Cytosine. 3.Guanine 4.Thymine
How many bases make up a codon? Three
What happens in DNA replication? The DNA strands are pulled apart and replicated to form two new DNA strands
Are the two new strands identical after it is replicated? Yes.
What is initiation? The act or an instance of initiating
What is Elongation? Something that elongates; an extension.
What is termination? A result; an outcome
What is transcription? The process by which messenger RNA is synthesized from a DNA template resulting in the transfer of genetic information from the DNA molecule to the messenger RNA
What is translation? The process by which messenger RNA directs the amino acid sequence of a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis.
What is gene expression? The transcription, translation, and phenotypic manifestation of a gene.
What is Ribonucleic acid (RNA)? A natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in gene expression
What is Uracil? One of the four bases that combines with sugar and phosphate to form a nucleotide subunit of RNA
What is a mutation? A change of a gene
What is the sequence of gene expression? DNA--> Transcription--> RNA--> Translation--> Protein.
What is base pairing? Principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine.
What is DNA polymerase? Principle enzyme involved in DNA
What is telomeres? What are telomeres? At the tips of chromosomes.
What is replication? When DNA copies itself.
Created by: madisonblakley
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