Question | Answer |
four primary types of tissue | epithelial, connective, nervous, &muscular tissue |
does the covering | epithelial tissue |
does the controlling | nervous tissue |
deals with movement. | muscular tissue. |
does the supporting | connective tissue |
is a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity | epithelial tissue |
forms the boundary between different environments | epithelial tissue |
helps with protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, and sensory reception | epithelial tissue |
is Avascular but innervated (lacks blood supply/ communicates nerve energy to or stimulates through nerves
- no blood vessels
- diffusion nourishes the cells; nerve fibers are present | epithelial tissue |
Regenerate quickly – adequate nutrition = rapid cell division | epithelial tissue |
has closely packed cells | cellularity (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
cells are linked by tight junctions and desmosomes | Specialized contacts (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
apical and basal surface cells differ in structure and function | Polarity (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
is exposed to the body’s exterior or the cavity of an internal organ
(microvilli = brush border, cilia) | apical surface (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
is the interior surface; new cells arise from this
layer | basal surface (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
is a thin supporting sheet of glycoproteins
functions in diffusion and allows epithelial cells to
migrate to heal a wound | basal lamina (characteristic of epithelial tissue |
extracellular material containing
collagen protein fibers | reticular lamina (characteristic of epithelial tissue |
(basal lamina and reticular lamina) forms a boundary and reinforces the epithelial sheet | The basement membrane (characteristic of epithelial tissue |
is composed of closely packed cells mostly uniform type. Cells are anchored by a basement membrane. | epithelial cells |
each tissues has a two part name: first name is what? second name is what? | the number of layers present, the shape of the cell. |
the number of layers present in cell | first name. |
the shape of cells. | second name. |
single layer (responsible for absorption and filtration). | simple. |
2 or more layers (responsible for protection). | stratified. |
3 different shapes of cells. | cuboidal, columnar, squamous. |
flat-scale like cells | squamous |
box or cube-like, as tall as they are wide. | cuboidal |
tall and column shaped | columnar |
cells can be different shapes but they are classified by the? | apical layer. |
types of epithelium tissues. | simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar, transitional, stratified columnar, stratified squamous. |
squamous-disc shaped, cuboidal-spherical, columnar-elongated top to bottom and close to the cell base. | nuclear shape and placement |
disc shaped | squamous |
spherical shaped | cuboidal |
elongated top to bottom shape and is close to the cell base | columnar |
Functions absorption, secretion and filtration | Simple Epithelial |
flattened, little cytoplasm, thin Endothelium- slick, friction reduced lining. Ex: heart, capillaries, lymphatic vessels | Simple Squamous |
found in serous membranes lining the ventral cavity and its organs | Mesothelium |
secretion & absorption
Ex: kidney tubules & sm. ducts of glands | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium- |
absoroption and secretion Ex: digestive tract
dense microvilli for absorption goblet cells- secrete a protective lubricating mucus | Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue |
secretion and absorption - cells vary in height, but all rest on the
basement membrane Ex: respiratory tract | Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
- -widespread, thick, protection.
top layer is squamous and deeper layers are
cuboidal or columnar.
apical surface- keratinzed- rubbed away. | Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue |
Stratified Epithelia- mostly protection, basal cells
- divide and push apically | stratified squamous epithelial tissue characteristic |
rare - found in the lg. ducts of some glands | Stratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue |
cells are able to change shape and thin from 6 layers to 3 layers thick
- lines urinary organs | Transitional Epithelial Tissue |
A gland consists of 1 or more cells that make and secrete a particular product. | glandular epithelial tissue |
gland classification has 2 distinctions what are they? | 1. Site of product release. 2.Number of cells |
site of production release includes? | exocrine and endocrine |
“internally secretion” - release their product to the extra cellular space
- ductless glands - produce hormones that enter the blood or
lymphatic fluid - very diverse group | endocrine |
the product being released
the process of releasing the product | secretion |
“external secretion” - send their product to an epithelial surface inside or outside the body
- secrete products onto body surfaces or in body cavities (have ducts) | exocrine |
(number of cells) scattered in epithelial sheets | unicellular (characteristics of glandular cells) |
produce mucin that dissolves in water to make mucus | goblet cells |
form by invagination or evagination of an epithelial sheet and most have ducts
2 parts to a multicellular gland: duct & secretory unit | mulitcellular (characteristics of glandular cells) |
two types of ducts | simple and compound |
single unbranched duct | single glands |
branched duct | compound glands |
3 types of secretory units | tubular, acinal&alveolar, &tubuloaveolar |
secretory units form tubes | tubular |
secretory units form
small flask-like sacs | acinal& alveolar |
contains both types of
secretory units | tubuloalveolar |
secrete their products by exocytosis
Examples: pancreas, sweat glands (most), salivary glands | merocrine gland |
accumulate their products then rupture releasing the products and dead cell fragments
Example: sebaceous glands | holocrine gland |
accumulate their products just under the cell membrane then pinch off that portion of the cell releasing the secretory granules and small amounts of cytoplasm Ex: mammary glands | apocrine gland |
most abundant and widely distributed tissue | connective tissue |
4 main classes: connective tissue proper,
cartilage, bone and blood | connective tissue characteristics |
major functions: binding and support,
protection, insulation, transportation of
substances | connective tissue |
avascular to richly vascularized | connective tissue |
| |