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histology
epithelial tissue and some of connective tissue
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| four primary types of tissue | epithelial, connective, nervous, &muscular tissue |
| does the covering | epithelial tissue |
| does the controlling | nervous tissue |
| deals with movement. | muscular tissue. |
| does the supporting | connective tissue |
| is a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity | epithelial tissue |
| forms the boundary between different environments | epithelial tissue |
| helps with protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, and sensory reception | epithelial tissue |
| is Avascular but innervated (lacks blood supply/ communicates nerve energy to or stimulates through nerves - no blood vessels - diffusion nourishes the cells; nerve fibers are present | epithelial tissue |
| Regenerate quickly – adequate nutrition = rapid cell division | epithelial tissue |
| has closely packed cells | cellularity (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
| cells are linked by tight junctions and desmosomes | Specialized contacts (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
| apical and basal surface cells differ in structure and function | Polarity (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
| is exposed to the body’s exterior or the cavity of an internal organ (microvilli = brush border, cilia) | apical surface (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
| is the interior surface; new cells arise from this layer | basal surface (characteristic of epithelial tissue) |
| is a thin supporting sheet of glycoproteins functions in diffusion and allows epithelial cells to migrate to heal a wound | basal lamina (characteristic of epithelial tissue |
| extracellular material containing collagen protein fibers | reticular lamina (characteristic of epithelial tissue |
| (basal lamina and reticular lamina) forms a boundary and reinforces the epithelial sheet | The basement membrane (characteristic of epithelial tissue |
| is composed of closely packed cells mostly uniform type. Cells are anchored by a basement membrane. | epithelial cells |
| each tissues has a two part name: first name is what? second name is what? | the number of layers present, the shape of the cell. |
| the number of layers present in cell | first name. |
| the shape of cells. | second name. |
| single layer (responsible for absorption and filtration). | simple. |
| 2 or more layers (responsible for protection). | stratified. |
| 3 different shapes of cells. | cuboidal, columnar, squamous. |
| flat-scale like cells | squamous |
| box or cube-like, as tall as they are wide. | cuboidal |
| tall and column shaped | columnar |
| cells can be different shapes but they are classified by the? | apical layer. |
| types of epithelium tissues. | simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar, transitional, stratified columnar, stratified squamous. |
| squamous-disc shaped, cuboidal-spherical, columnar-elongated top to bottom and close to the cell base. | nuclear shape and placement |
| disc shaped | squamous |
| spherical shaped | cuboidal |
| elongated top to bottom shape and is close to the cell base | columnar |
| Functions absorption, secretion and filtration | Simple Epithelial |
| flattened, little cytoplasm, thin Endothelium- slick, friction reduced lining. Ex: heart, capillaries, lymphatic vessels | Simple Squamous |
| found in serous membranes lining the ventral cavity and its organs | Mesothelium |
| secretion & absorption Ex: kidney tubules & sm. ducts of glands | Simple Cuboidal Epithelium- |
| absoroption and secretion Ex: digestive tract dense microvilli for absorption goblet cells- secrete a protective lubricating mucus | Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue |
| secretion and absorption - cells vary in height, but all rest on the basement membrane Ex: respiratory tract | Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium |
| - -widespread, thick, protection. top layer is squamous and deeper layers are cuboidal or columnar. apical surface- keratinzed- rubbed away. | Stratified Squamous Epithelial Tissue |
| Stratified Epithelia- mostly protection, basal cells - divide and push apically | stratified squamous epithelial tissue characteristic |
| rare - found in the lg. ducts of some glands | Stratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue |
| cells are able to change shape and thin from 6 layers to 3 layers thick - lines urinary organs | Transitional Epithelial Tissue |
| A gland consists of 1 or more cells that make and secrete a particular product. | glandular epithelial tissue |
| gland classification has 2 distinctions what are they? | 1. Site of product release. 2.Number of cells |
| site of production release includes? | exocrine and endocrine |
| “internally secretion” - release their product to the extra cellular space - ductless glands - produce hormones that enter the blood or lymphatic fluid - very diverse group | endocrine |
| the product being released the process of releasing the product | secretion |
| “external secretion” - send their product to an epithelial surface inside or outside the body - secrete products onto body surfaces or in body cavities (have ducts) | exocrine |
| (number of cells) scattered in epithelial sheets | unicellular (characteristics of glandular cells) |
| produce mucin that dissolves in water to make mucus | goblet cells |
| form by invagination or evagination of an epithelial sheet and most have ducts 2 parts to a multicellular gland: duct & secretory unit | mulitcellular (characteristics of glandular cells) |
| two types of ducts | simple and compound |
| single unbranched duct | single glands |
| branched duct | compound glands |
| 3 types of secretory units | tubular, acinal&alveolar, &tubuloaveolar |
| secretory units form tubes | tubular |
| secretory units form small flask-like sacs | acinal& alveolar |
| contains both types of secretory units | tubuloalveolar |
| secrete their products by exocytosis Examples: pancreas, sweat glands (most), salivary glands | merocrine gland |
| accumulate their products then rupture releasing the products and dead cell fragments Example: sebaceous glands | holocrine gland |
| accumulate their products just under the cell membrane then pinch off that portion of the cell releasing the secretory granules and small amounts of cytoplasm Ex: mammary glands | apocrine gland |
| most abundant and widely distributed tissue | connective tissue |
| 4 main classes: connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone and blood | connective tissue characteristics |
| major functions: binding and support, protection, insulation, transportation of substances | connective tissue |
| avascular to richly vascularized | connective tissue |
Created by:
a.quimbaya1
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