Question | Answer |
argumentum, -i, n. | proof, evidence, argument |
auctor, auctoris, m. | Increaser, author, originator |
beneficium, -ii, n. | benefit, kindness; favor |
familia, -ae, f. | household, family |
Graecia, -ae, f. | Greece |
iudex, iudicis, m. | judge, juror |
iudicium, -ii, n. | judgement, decision, opinion; trial |
scelus, sceleris, n. | evil deed, crime, sin, wickedness |
quis?, quid? | who?, whose?, whom?, what?, which? |
qui?, quae?, quod? | what?, which?, what kind of? |
certus, -a, -um | definite, sure, certain, reliable |
gravis, grave | heavy, weighty, serious, important, severe, grievous |
immortalis, immortale | not subject to death, immortal |
at | but; but, mind you; but, you say |
nisi | if...not, unless; except |
contra | against (takes accusative) |
iam | now; already, soon |
delecto, delectare, delectavi, delectatum | to delight, charm, please |
libero, liberare, liberavi, liberatum | to free, liberate |
paro, parare, paravi, paratum | to prepare, provide, get, obtain |
coniurati, -orum, m. | conspirators (always plural) |
cornu, -us, n. | horn |
fructus, -us, m. | fruit, profit, benefit, enjoyment |
genu, -us, n. | knee |
manus, -us, f. | hand, band; handwriting |
metus, -us, m. | fear, dread, anxiety |
mons, montis, m. | mountain |
senatus, -us, m. | senate |
sensus, -us, m. | feeling, sense |
servitus, servitutis, f. | servitude, slavery |
spiritus, -us, m. | breath, breathing; spirit, soul |
versus, -us, m. | line of verse |
communis, commune | common, general, of the community, for the community |
dexter, dextra, dextrum | right, right-hand |
sinister, sinistra, sinistrum | left, left-hand |
careo, carere, carui, cariturus | to be without, be deprived of, want, lack; be free from (takes ablative of separation) |
defendo, defendere, defendi, defensum | to ward off; defend, protect |
discedo, discedere, discessi, discessum | to go away, depart |
-, odisse, odi, osurum | to hate |
prohibeo, prohibere, prohibui, prohibitum | to keep (back), prevent, hinder, restrain, prohibit |
pronuntio, pronuntiare, pronuntiavi, pronuntiatum | to proclaim, announce; declaim; pronounce |
casa, -ae, f. | house, cottage, hut |
causa, -ae, f. | cause, reason; case, situation; (abl. causa plus a preceding gen.) for the sake of, on account of |
fenestra, -ae, f. | window |
finis, finis, m. | end, limit, boundary, purpose; (plural) boundaries, territory |
gens, gentis, f. | clan, race, nation, people |
mundus, -i, m. | world, universe |
navis, navis, f. | ship, boat |
salus, salutis, f. | health, safety; greeting |
Troia, -ae, f. | Troy |
vicinus, -i, m. | neighbor |
vicina, -ae, f. | neighbor |
vulgus, -i, m. | the common people, mob, rabble |
asper, aspera, asperum | rough, harsh |
atque, ac | and, and also, and even |
iterum | again, a second time |
contineo, continere, continui, contentum | to hold together, contain, keep, enclose, restrain |
iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussum | to bid, order, command |
laboro, laborare, laboravi, laboratum | to labor, be in distress |
rapio, rapere, rapui, raptum | to seize, snatch, carry away |
relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictum | to leave behind, leave, abandon, desert |
scio, scire, scivi, scitum | to know |
tango, tangere, tetigi, tactum | to touch |
dies, diei, m. | day |
ferrum, -i, n. | iron; sword |
fides, fidei, f. | faith, trust, trustworthiness, fidelity, promise, guarantee, protection |
ignis, ignis, m. | fire |
modus, -i, m. | measure, bound, limit; manner, method, mode, way |
res, rei, f. | thing, matter, business, affair |
spes, spei, f. | hope |
aequus, -a, -um | level, even; calm; equal, just; favorable |
felix, felicis | lucky, fortunate, happy |
incertus, -a, -um | uncertain, unsure, doubtful |
Latinus, -a, -um | Latin |
medius, -a, -um | middle |
quondam | formerly, once |
ultra | on the other side, beyond (takes accusative) |
protinus | immediately |
cerno, cernere, crevi, cretum | to distinguish, discern, perceive |
eripio, eripere, eripui, ereptum | to snatch away, take away; rescue |
inquit, -, -, - | he says, he said (defective verb placed after one or more words of direct quotation) |
tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatum | to raise, lift up; take away, remove, destroy |
arx, arcis, f. | citadel, stronghold |
dux, ducis, m. | leader, guide; commander, general |
equus, -i, m. | horse |
hasta, -ae, f. | spear |
insula, -ae, f. | island |
litus, litoris, n. | shore, coast |
miles, militis, m. | soldier |
orator, oratoris, m. | orator, speaker |
sacerdos, sacerdotis, m. | priest |
aliquis, aliquid | someone, somebody, something |
quisquis, quidquid | whoever, whatever |
magnanimus, -a, -um | great-hearted, brave, magnanimous |
umquam | ever, at any time |
educo, educare, educavi, educatum | to bring up, educate |
gaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum, - | to be glad, rejoice |
ostendo, ostendere, ostendi, ostentum | to exhibit, show, display |
peto, petere, petivi, petitum | to seek, aim at, beg, beseech |
premo, premere, pressi, pressum | to press, press hard, pursue |
opprimo, opprimere, oppressi, oppressum | to suppress, overwhelm, overpower, check |
verto, vertere, verti, versum | to turn; change |
Carthago, Carthaginis, f. | Carthage (a city in North Africa) |
fabula, -ae, f. | story, tale; play |
imperator, imperatoris, m. | general, commander-in-chief, emperor |
imperium, -ii, n. | power to command, supreme power, authority, command, control |
perfugium, -ii, n. | refuge, shelter |
servus, -i, m. | slave |
serva, -ae, f. | slave |
solacium, -ii, n. | comfort, relief |
vulnus, vulneris, n. | wound |
re-, red- | again, back |
ut (+ indic.) | just as, when |
postea | afterwards |
accipio, accipere, accepi, acceptum | to take (to one's self), receive, accept |
excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptum | to take out, except; take, receive, capture |
recipio, recipere, recepi, receptum | to take back, regain, admit, receive |
pello, pellere, pepuli, pulsum | to strike, push, drive out, banish |
expello, expellere, expuli, expulsum | to drive out, expel, banish |
narro, narrare, narravi, narratum | to tell, report, narrate |
quaero, quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitum | to seek, look for, strive for; ask, inquire, inquire into |
rideo, ridere, risi, risum | to laugh, laugh at |
lingua, -ae, f. | tongue; language |
ferox | fierce, savage (genitive ferocis) |
fidelis, fidele | faithful, loyal |
geminus, -a, -um | twin |
sapiens | wise, judicious; (as a noun) a wise man, philosopher (genitive sapientis) |
ultimus, -a, -um | farthest, extreme; last, final |
dehinc | then |
hic | here |
ait, -, -, - | he says, they say, assert (or aiunt) |
credo, credere, credidi, creditum | to believe, trust |
iaceo, iacere, iacui, - | to lie, lie prostrate, lie dead |
nego, negare, negavi, negatum | to deny, say that...not |
nescio, nescire, nescivi, nescitum | not to know, be ignorant |
nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatum | to announce, report, relate |
patefacio, patefacere, patefeci, petefactum | to make open, open; disclose, expose |
puto, putare, putavi, putatum | to clean, trim; reckon, suppose, judge, think, imagine |
spero, sperare, speravi, speratum | to hope for, hope |
suscipio, suscipere, suscepi, susceptum | to undertake |
cena, -ae, f. | dinner |
forum, -i, n. | marketplace, forum |
lex, legis, f. | law, statute |
limen, liminis, n. | threshold |
lux, lucis, f. | light |
mensa, -ae, f. | table, dining, dish, course (mensa secunda: dessert) |
nox, noctis, f. | night |
somnus, -i, m. | sleep |
quidam, quaedam, quiddam | (pron.) a certain one, certain thing, someone, something; (adj.) a certain, some |
pudicus, -a, -um | modest, chaste |
superbus, -a, -um | arrogant, overbearing, haughty, proud |
tristis, triste | sad, sorrowful; joyless, grim, severe |
turpis, turpe | ugly, shameful, base, disgraceful |
urbanus, -a, -um | of the city, urban, urbane, elegant |
prae | In front of, before (takes ablative) |
quam | (after comparatives) than; (with superlatives) as...as possible (e.g. quam fortissimus, as great as possible) |
tantum | only |
invito, invitare, invitavi, invitatum | to entertain, invite, summon |
delectatio, delectationis, f. | delight, pleasure, enjoyment |
nepos, nepotis, m. | grandson, descendant |
sol, solis, m. | sun |
diligens | diligent, careful (genitive diligentis) |
dissimilis, dissimile | unlike, different |
gracilis, gracile | slender, thin |
humilis, humile | lowly, humble |
maior, -ius | greater, older; (plural) ancestors |
primus, -a, -um | first, foremost, chief, principal |
quot | how many, as many as (indeclinable) |
similis, simile | similar (to), like, resembling |
superus, -a, -um | above, upper |
utilis, utile | useful, advantageous |
melior, -ius | better |
peior, -ius | worse |
plus | more (NB no masc. and fem. or dat. sing; abl. sing. plure, gen. plur. plurium, neut. pl. plura) |
minor, minus | smaller |
prior, -ius | former |
superior, -ius | higher |
optimus, -a, -um | best |
maximus, -a, -um | greatest |
pessimus, -a, -um | worst |
plurimus, -a, -um | most |
minimus, -a, -um | smallest |
summus, -a, -um | highest, furthest |
supremus, -a, -um | highest, last |
pono, ponere, posui, positum | to put, place, set |
probo, probare, probavi, probatum | to test, approve, recommend |
arma, -orum, n. | arms, weapons (always plural) |
cursus, -us, m. | running, race; course |
luna, -ae, f. | moon |
occasio, occasionis, f. | occasion, opportunity |
parens, parentis, m. or f. | parent |
stella, -ae, f. | star, planet |
vesper, vesperis, m. | evening (genitive singular may also be vesperi) |
mortuus, -a, -um | dead |
princeps | chief, foremost; (m. or f. noun) leader, emperor (genitive principis) |
ut (+ subj.) | in order that, so that, that, in order to, so as to, to; (with indicative) as, when |
ne | not; in order that...not, that...not, in order not to |
cedo, cedere, cessi, cessum | to go, withdraw; yield to, grant, submit |
dedico, dedicare, dedicavi, dedicatum | to dedicate |
egeo, egere, egui, - | to need, lack, want |
expleo, explere, explevi, expletum | to fill, fill up, complete |
praesto, praestare, praestiti, praestitum | to excel; exhibit, show, offer, supply, furnish |
taceo, tacere, tacui, tacitum | to be silent, leave unmentioned |
fatum, -i, n. | fate, death |
ingenium, -ii, n. | nature, innate talent |
moenia, moenium, n. | walls of a city (always plural) |
nata, -ae, f. | daughter |
osculum, -i, n. | kiss |
sidus, sideris, n. | constellation, star |
dignus, -a, -um | worthy, worthy of |
durus, -a, -um | hard, harsh, rough, stern, unfeeling, hardy, difficult |
tantus, -a, -um | so large, so great, of such a size |
denique | at last, finally, lastly |
ita | so, thus |
quidem | indeed, certainly, at least, even (ne...quidem: not...even) |
sic | so, thus |
tam | so, to such a degree (tam...quam: so...as) |
vero | in truth, indeed, to be sure, however |
condo, condere, condidi, conditum | to put together, put into, store; found, establish |
contendo, contendere, contendi, contenditum | to strive, struggle, contend; hasten |
mollio, mollire, mollivi, mollitum | to soften; make calm, make less hostile |
pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatum | to fight |
respondeo, respondere, respondi, responsum | to answer |
surgo, surgere, surrexi, surrectum | to get up, arise |
honor, honoris, m. | honor, esteem; public office |
ceteri, -ae, -a | the remaining, the rest, the other, all the others (always plural) |
quantus, -a, -um | how large, how great, how much |
ridiculus, -a, -um | laughable, ridiculous |
vivus, -a, -um | alive, living |
furtim | stealthily, secretly |
mox | soon |
primo | at first, at the beginning |
repente | suddenly |
unde | whence, from what, from which place, from which, from whom |
utrum...an | whether...or |
bibo, bibere, bibi, - | to drink |
cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitum | to become acquainted with, learn, recognize; (in perf.) know |
comprehendo, comprehendere, comprehendi, comprehensum | to grasp, seize, arrest; comprehend, understand |
consumo, consumere, consumpsi, consumptum | to consume, use up |
dubito, dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatum | to doubt, hesitate |
expono, exponere, exposui, expositum | to set forth, explain, expose |
minuo, minuere, minui, minutum | to lessen, diminish |
rogo, rogare, rogavi, rogatum | to ask |
as, assis, m. | an as (a small copper coin, roughly equivalent to a penny) |
auxillium, -ii, n. | aid, help |
digitus, -i, m. | finger, toe |
elephantus, -i, m. | elephant |
exsilium, -ii, n. | exile, banishment |
invidia, -ae, f. | envy, jealousy, hatred |
rumor, rumoris, m. | rumor, gossip |
vinum, -i, n. | wine |
mediocris, medicre | ordinary, moderate, mediocre |
cum | (with subj.) when, since, although; (with indic.) when |
apud | among, in the presence of, at the house of (takes accusative) |
semel | a single time, once, once and for all, simultaneously |
usque | all the way, up (to), even (to), continuously, always |
doleo, dolere, dolui, doliturum | to grieve, suffer, hurt, give pain |
dormio, dormire, dormivi, dormitum | to sleep |
fero, ferre, tuli, latum | to bear, carry, bring; suffer, endure, tolerate; say, report |
adfero, adferre, attuli, allatum | to bring to |
confero, conferre, contuli, collatum | to bring together, compare; confer, bestow (se conferre: betake onself, go) |
offero, offerre, obtuli, oblatum | to offer |
refero, referre, rettuli, relatum | to carry back, bring back; repeat, answer, report |
invideo, invidere, invidi, invisum | to be envious; to look at with envy, envy, be jealous of |
occido, occidere, occidi, occasum | to fall down; die; set |
custodia, -ae, f. | protection, custody; (plural) guards |
exercitus, -us, m. | army |
paupertas, paupertatis, f. | poverty, humble circumstance |
dives | rich (genitive divitis or ditis) |
par | equal, like (genitive paris) |
pauper | of small means, poor (genitive pauperis) |
dummodo | (with subj.) provided that, so long as |
longe | far |
libere | freely |
pulchre | beautifully |
fortiter | bravely |
celeriter | quickly |
acriter | keenly |
feliciter | happily |
sapienter | wisely |
facile | easily |
bene | well |
male | badly |
multum | much |
magnopere | greatly |
parum | little, not very (much) |
diu | for a long time |
malo, malle, malui, - | to want (something) more, instead; prefer |
nolo, nolle, nolui, - | to not...wish, be unwilling |
pateo, patere, patui, - | to be open, lie open, be accessible, be evident |
praebeo, praebere, praebui, praebitum | to offer, provide |
promitto, promittere, promisi, promissum | to send forth; promise |
volo, velle, volui, - | to wish, want, be willing, will |
initium, -ii, n. | beginning, commencement |
ops, opis, f. | help, aid; (plural) power, resources, wealth |
philosophus, -i, m. | philosopher |
philosopha, -ae, f. | philosopher |
plebs, plebis, f. | the common people, populace, plebians |
sal, salis, m. | salt; wit |
speculum, -i, n. | mirror |
quis, quid | (after si, nisi) anyone, anything, someone, something |
candidus, -a, -um | shining, bright, white; beautiful |
merus, -a, -um | pure, undiluted |
suavis, suave | sweet |
-ve | or |
heu | ah!, alas! (a sound of grief or pain) |
subito | suddenly |
recuso, recusare, recusavi, recusatum | to refuse |
trado, tradere, tradidi, traditum | to give over, surrender; hand down, transmit, teach |
anima, -ae, f. | soul, spirit |
remissio, remissionis, f. | letting go, release; relaxation |
vox, vocis, f. | voice, word |
adversus, -a, -um | opposite, adverse |
talis, tale | such, of such a sort |
vae | alas, woe to |
arbitror, arbitrari, arbitratus sum, - | to judge, think |
conor, conari, conatus sum, - | to try, attempt |
cresco, crescere, crevi, cretum | to increase |
egredior, egredi, egressus sum, - | to go out |
fateor, fateri, fassus sum, - | to confess, admit |
hortor, hortari, hortatus sum, - | to encourage, urge |
loquor, loqui, locutus sum, - | to say, speak, tell |
molior, moliri, molitus sum, - | to work at, build, undertake, plan |
morior, mori, mortuus sum, - | to die |
nascor, nasci, natus sum, - | to be born; spring forth, arise |
patior, pati, passus sum, - | to suffer, endure, permit |
proficiscor, proficisci, profectus sum, - | to set out, start |
rusticor, rusticari, rusticatus sum, - | to live in the country |
sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessum | to sit |
sequor, sequi, secutus sum, - | to follow |
specto, spectare, spectavi, spectatum | to look at, see |
utor, uti, usus sum, - | to use; enjoy, experience |
aestas, aestatis, f. | summer |
ianua, -ae, f. | door |
pectus, pectoris, n. | breast, heart |
praemium, -ii, n. | reward, prize |
iratus, -a, -um | angry |
antepono, anteponere, anteposui, antepositum | to put before, prefer |
foveo, fovere, fovi, fotum | to comfort, nurture, cherish |
ignosco, ignoscere, ignovi, ignotum | to grant pardon to, forgive |
impero, imperare, imperavi, imperatum | to give orders to, command |
miror, mirari, miratus sum, - | to marvel at, admire, wonder |
noceo, nocere, nocui, nocitum | to do harm to, harm, injure |
nubo, nubere, nupsi, nuptum | to cover, veil; (with dat.) to be married to, marry |
parco, parcere, peperci, parsurum | to be lenient to, spare |
pareo, parere, parui, - | to be obedient to, obey |
persuadeo, persuadere, persuasi, persuasum | to make sweet to, persuade |
placeo, placere, placui, placitum | to be pleasing to, please |
sapio, sapere, sapui, - | to have good taste; have good sense, be wise |
servio, servire, servivi, servitum | to be a slave to, serve |
studeo, studere, studui, - | to direct one's zeal to, be eager for, study |
subrideo, subridere, subrisi, subrisum | to smile upon, to smile down upon |
cupido, cupidinis, f. | desire, passion |
lector, lectoris, m. | reader |
lectrix, lectricis, f. | reader |
vinculum, -i, n. | bond, chain, fetter |
cotidie | daily, every day |
fortasse | perhaps |
accedo, accedere, accessi, accessum | to come (to), approach |
carpo, carpere, carpsi, carptum | to harvest, pluck, seize |
cogo, cogere, coegi, coactum | to drive together, bring together, force, compel |
contemno, contemnere, contempsi, contemptum | to despise, scorn |
contundo, contundere, contudi, contusum | to beat, crush, bruise, destroy |
curo, curare, curavi, curatum | to care for, attend to; heal, cure; take care |
decerno, decernere, decrevi, decretum | to decide, settle, decree |
exigo, exigere, exegi, exactum | to drive out, force out, exact; drive through, complete, perfect |
fio, fieri, factus sum, - | to occur, happen, become; be made, be done |
oblecto, oblectare, oblectavi, oblectatum | to please, amuse, delight; pass time pleasantly |
oro, orare, oravi, oratum | to speak, plead; beg, beseech, entreat |
recreo, recreare, recreavi, recreatum | to restore, revive; refresh, cheer |
requiro, requirere, requisivi, requisitum | to seek, ask for, miss, need, require |
sereno, serenare, serenavi, serenatum | to make clear, brighten; cheer up, soothe |